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자기주도학습 및 가족지원이 항공객실승무원의 전문성에 미치는 영향

Effect of Self-Directed Learning and Family Support on Professionalism in Flight Attendants

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주제분류경영학

초록

항공객실승무원의 전문성 연구는 주로 법적, 제도적 측면에서 ‘항공종사자’로 지정하여 전문가로서 역할과 책임을 다하여야 한다는 관점에서 논의되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 항공객실승무원의 업무 수행과 관련하여 구체적으로 갖추어야 할 능력을 의미하는 전문성 차원에서 논의하고자 한다. 항공객실승무원의 능력 관점에서의 전문성 개념을 연구한 유문주·이동명(2020)을 바탕으로, 이러한 전문성에 영향을 미치는 독립변수, 또 영향을 받는 종속변수를 함께 고려하는 연구를 진행하고자 하였다. 항공객실승무원의 전문성에 영향을 미치는 독립변수로 자기주도학습과 가족지원을, 또 전문성의 영향을 받는 종속변수로 경력만족을 각각 상정하고, 연구를 진행하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 항공객실승무원의 전문성에 자기주도학습과 가족지원이 중요한 영향을 미친다는 가설1, 2는 증명되었다. 또, 자기주도학습과 가족지원 중 항공객실승무원의 전문성에 미치는 영향은 자기주도학습이 상대적으로 높았다. 또 전문성은 항공객실승무원의 경력만족에 정(+)의 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가설3도 증명되었다. 둘째, 이상의 연구 결과를 통해 항공객실승무원의 전문성 개발에 자기주도학습이 중요한 요소라는 것이다. 지금까지 각 항공사에서 실시하고 있는 공식적, 외형적, 제도적 교육훈련은 승무원 본인의 자발적 노력인 자기주도학습 없이는 소기의 목적을 달성할 수 없다는 것이다. 자기주도학습이야말로 전문가가 되는 가장 중요한 수단이라 하겠다. 셋째, 항공객실승무원의 전문성에는 가족지원도 중요한 영향 요소로 부각되었다. 항공객실승무원은 스케쥴근무, 장기간의 해외 출장, 승객과의 대인관계 등으로 체력소모가 많고 피로 및 스트레스가 높은 업무 특성을 지니고 있다. 가족의 정서적 측면에서의 지원 없이는 활력을 회복하는데 많은 어려움이 있다. 이러한 가족지원상의 문제는 개인이 해결해야 하는 부분도 있으나, 항공사 입장에서도 업무스케쥴의 조정, 휴가제도의 정비 등 다각적인 지원 방안을 강구할 필요가 있을 것이다. 넷째, 전문성은 개인의 경력만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다. 이는 항공객실승무원도 장기적인 경력을 쌓아 나가는 하나의 전문직으로 인식하고 있다는 반증이 아닌가 판단된다.

Abstract

Professionalism in flight attendants has been debated in the points of the macro view, focusing on the industrial, legal, and institutional aspects. This study aims at addressing the micro level on the professionalism, which means competences that flight attendants have for excellent performance. And this study also verifies the determinants and outcomes of professionalism in flight attendants. For an empirical analysis, total 349 questionnaires were collected from the flight attendants in “K” airline in Korea. First, the 8 dimensions of professionalism in flight attendants based on the Yoo and Lee(2020), which are passion, open-mindedness, team-oriented attitude, job-related skills and knowledge, emotional self-control, professional ethics, role example, and perfectionism is also verified in this research. Second, two hypotheses that flight attendant’s self-directed learning and family support will have a positive effect on professionalism was verified by regression analysis. Especially, self-directed learning is more important variable which fosters the professionalism than family support. Third, a hypothesis 3 that professionalism in flight attendants is associated with career satisfaction was accepted through regression analysis. That is to say, the higher professionalism is, the higher flight attendants' career satisfaction becomes. Fourth, airlines take a measure to promote flight attendant’s self-directed learning and family support, which is connected with professionalism, leading career satisfaction.

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