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태틀러, 스펙테이터, 가디언의 재검토: 잉글랜드국교회 풍속개혁과 여성의 교육

Revisiting The Tatler, The Spectator, and The Guardian: The Anglican Reformation of Manners and the Discourse on Women’s Reform

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리처드 스틸(Richard Steele, bap. 1672-1729)과 조셉 애디슨(Joseph Addison, 1672-1719)이 주도한 정기간행물 『태틀러』(The Tatler, 1709-1711), 『스펙테이터』(The Spectator, 1711-1712, 1714), 『가디언』(The Guardian, 1713)은 18세기 초 잉글랜드의 사회문화적 변화를 잘 보여주는 문헌으로 간주된다. 본 논문의 목적은 세 간행물을 전부 검토하고, 실제로 그것들의 주요한 주제가 무엇이었는지 식별하는 것이다. 제2장은 연구사 검토를 통해 애디슨과 『스펙테이터』가 해석되어 온 과정을 조망한다. 제3장 및 제4장은 실제로 『태틀러』, 『스펙테이터』, 『가디언』이 어떤 문헌이었는지 살펴본다. 3장은 먼저 애디슨과 스틸의 기획이 잉글랜드국교회의 풍속개혁운동과 같은 당대의 종교적·도덕적 논의와 밀접하게 닿아있었음을 밝힌다. 4장은 해당 정기간행물에서 나타나는 여성 개혁의 주제들을 살펴보고, 그것이 당대 국교회의 도덕 개혁론이 열어놓은 여성 담론의 복잡한 맥락 속에서 올바르게 이해될 수 있음을 확인한다. 제5장은 논의를 짧게 요약하고 몇 가지 시사점을 제안한다.

Abstract

The Tatler (1709-1711), The Spectator (1711-1712, 1714), and The Guardian (1713), founded by Richard Steele (b. 1672–1729) and Joseph Addison (1672–1719), are pivotal texts for understanding the social and cultural transformations in early 18th-century England. This thesis aims to analyze these three periodicals in order to discern their central themes. Chapter 2 offers a survey of scholarly interpretations of The Spectator and Addison’s contributions. Chapters 3 and 4 provide a detailed examination of the content of The Tatler, The Spectator, and The Guardian. Chapter 3 argues that Steele and Addison’s project was deeply intertwined with the religious and moral languages of their time, particularly those surrounding the Anglican Reformation of Manners. Chapter 4 explores the periodicals’ treatment of women’s reform, situating their discourse within the gender debates catalyzed by the Church of England’s moral reformation. Chapter 5 briefly summarizes the key findings and discusses their broader implications.

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