백제 무왕의 出系와 천하관

Abstract

The king name, name, and childhood name of King Muwang seen in the Lineage of the Kings in <<Samgukyusa (semantically, the Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms)>> which was owned by Pareun, are consistent with the contents of King Muwang in Volume 2. So, it is clear that the childhood name of King Muwang was Seodong. The view that Seodong was the son of King Beobwang cannot explain that Seodong harvested yams and lived a poor life. It is reasonable to understand that Seodong lived in poverty as a descendant of the ruined royal family. Seodong became a father of the Prince Royal Uija in around 595 AD, five years before he became the king. Seodong's wife who gave birth to Uija at that time seems to be a woman from Iksan. After the enthronement, King Muwang married Princess Sunhwa, the third daughter of King Jinpyeongwang of the Silla Kingdom to boost the royal authority. By the time when he selected his eldest son as the crown prince, he took a woman from the Sataek clan as a queen. So, it can be said that King Muwang had at least 3 queens. While King Muwang governed Iksan, he built a 9-storey wooden pagoda in Mireuksa temple, which was a national temple, and a 7-storey wooden pagoda in Jeseoksa temple, which was a royal temple. King Taejo of the Goryeo Dynasty built 7-storey pagoda in Gaegyeong and 9-storey pagoda in Seogyeong with the aim of unifying the Later Three Kingdoms through Buddha's power. This suggests that King Muwang's establishment of 9-storey and 7-storey pagodas in Iksan was based on the intention of unifying the three kingdoms. The Great king is the upgraded title of king. The Great king had a status lower than the emperor but higher than a feudal lord. However, in <Saribongyeongi>, King Muwang is expressed as ‘His Majesty and the Great King’. This shows that King Muwang called himself the (Great) King in diplomatic relations with China, and reigned as the emperor domestically. This is called the consciousness of the king for foreign affairs and the emperor for domestic affairs. Although the power to ‘care for’ all people was vested only in the emperor, <Saribongyeongi> shows that people were cared for by the queen. This suggests that, at the end of the reign of King Muwang, the queen had the de facto power of politics. The main reason for this was that King Muwang suffered from illness and lost interest in political affairs.