『고려사』를 통해 본 고려 역학에 대한 접근

Abstract

This paper serves as foundational work for compiling a history of Korean thought for Yijing, examining the characteristics of Yijing studies during the Goryeo Dynasty. The lack of research into Yijing prior to the Joseon Dynasty has been largely due to the absence of resources. Despite the challenging research conditions, it is imperative to piece together what fragments can be found to outline the historical trajectory. This study investigates how the Yijing was understood and utilized at the national level during the Goryeo Dynasty, using the official state records contained in the History of Goryeo. The findings of this research can be summarized as follows: First, before the introduction of Neo-Confucianism, Goryeo Dynasty Yijing studies predominantly adopted Han Dynasty theories in the realm of calendrical science. Second, Yijing was employed in interpreting anomalies and disasters, with Jingfang’s theories frequently cited. Interpretations of these anomalies were based on the theory of cosmic resonance between heaven and humanity, serving as a political tool to caution against moral lapses by monarchs or negligence by officials. Third, divinations were conducted in anticipation of major national events such as the appointment of a crown prince or impending wars, utilizing the hexagrams and trigrams of the Zhouyi. Fourth, from the early to the late Goryeo period, the ethical application of the meanings and phrases of the Zhouyi hexagrams to promote the virtue of the king was a consistent trend. Fifth, the Yijing was treated as an important text within both the official and private academies of Goryeo. Since the History of Goryeo is not a personal anthology, it is challenging to obtain specific Yijing-related materials. However, it provides a measure of how the Yijing was utilized politically and socially at the time. To deepen the study of Yijing during the Goryeo Dynasty, it is necessary to thoroughly re-examine the anthologies of Goryeo figures. Additionally, an examination of epigraphical materials, and a long-term effort to unearth Yijing-related materials from Chinese and Japanese texts prior to the Joseon Dynasty, are required.