『성학집요』에 나타난 율곡 이이의 도통관

Abstract

This article is about Yulgok’s Theory of Dotong(道統) shown on his SeongHakJipYo(聖學輯要). As many know, SeongHakJipYo is one of the representative books written by Yulgok (栗谷) Lee Yi (李珥), which is a study of kings’ governance written with his eagerness for the king Seonjo to become a wise and great king in 1575, the 8th year of the king Seonjo’s regime period when he was working as BuGyoRi (vice director of education) in HongMunGwan (Ministry of National Documents Management). Confucian saints' principle&method of learning, political activity, leading the people and so on is specifically described in Sunghakchipyo. On theory and consciousness of Dotong, he makes Confucian mantle clear and emphasizes Neo-Confucianism's thoughts of righteousness. A theory of Dotong(道統) is about Confucian succession, Confucian identity and is a role makes difference between orthodoxy and heterodoxy. He thought that the main succession stem of Dotong was made of the following order: BokHee → ShinNong (神農) → HwangJe (皇帝) → Yo (堯) → Sun (舜) → Woo (禹) → Tang (湯) → Mun (文) → Mu (武) → JuGong (周公) in its first phase; Confucius (孔子) → JeungJa (曾子) → JaSa (子思) → Menfius in its second phase, and then finally JuJa (周子) → Yi Jeong (二程) → JangJa (張子) → Zhūzǐ (朱子), which was succeeded to only JeongAm (靜庵) Jo Gwang Jo (趙光祖) in Joseon Dynasty. He also thought that the content of Dotong consisted of ‘SuGi (修己) meaning Virtue is based on Justice and ChiEen (治人) to give education’. Based on such thoughts, he said that it was the Study of Justice that systemized such Dotong and Succession of Justice specifically mentioning, “The Study of Justice is originally in morality, so it is the Study of Justice that you are doing the full of your duty in morality”. Such theory of Dotong asserted by Yulgok is different from the previously valued Theory of Dotong: Zhūzǐ → Jeong Mong Ju → Gil Jae → Kim Suk Ja → Kim Jong Jik → Kim Gwoin Pil → Jo Gwang Jo.