고려 후기 성리학 수용과 질병 대처 양상의 변화

Abstract

From the beginning, the Koryŏ dynasty tried to found a school forbringing up a medical doctor, and send instructors to educate medical sciencein the local areas. According to this works, the medical system of the Koryŏdynasty was completed at Hyun-Jong(顯宗) period. But it was the Buddhistmedical science that took the leading role of curing a disease in times offounding medical system. This pattern has to be changed slowly by medical interchanges betweenthe Sung(宋) and the Koryŏ dynasty at the Mun-Jong(文宗) period. Receiving the Sung(宋)`s advanced medical skills, the method of using amedicine in medical situation was growing in the Koryŏ society. Though themethod of using a medicine was increasing, the important thing is that wecan`t find any trend of keeping away from an incantational remedy or aBuddhist religious treatment. But the medical interchange was discontinued by the rupture ofdiplomatic relations with the Sung(宋) dynasty. What was risen severely wasa supply and demand problem of the medicine. Accordingly the Koryŏ societywas to be concerned about a medicine from home land, and then theHyang-Yak(鄕藥) was appeared. The advent of Hyang-Yak(鄕藥) was a moment to be able to increase the method of using a medicine of the Koryŏsociety`s own accord. And the Neo-Confucianism that had been accepted in the late Koryŏdynasty changed the understanding of the method of coping with a disease. Neo-Confucians denied the efficacy of the incantational remedy and thereligious treatment. Also Neo-Confucians promoted the spread of a medicinewith confidence in medical science. They increased the method of using amedicine, edited a medical book, and founded a Yak-Won(藥院) in the localarea on the policy of supplying with the Hyangyak-Medicine(鄕藥醫術) bythe Koryŏ royal court. This situation made an opportunity to take root intrust of the medical science in the Koryŏ society, and affected anaccomplishment of the Hyangyak-Medicine(鄕藥醫術) in the early years ofthe Chosŭn dynasty.