서간도 망명 유림의 향약 설치와 추이

Abstract

In March 1919, when the March 1 Independence Movement was in full swing, Gwanjeon-hyeon HyangYak was installed near Gwanjeon-hyeon Seodaepa. There are 15 confucian scholars who defected to West Gando, which played a leading role in the establishment of the Gwanjeon-hyeon HyangYak. These were scholars of the Hwaseo school who were closely related to Yu In-seok. Gwanjeon-hyeon HyangYak was established HyangYakSo, BangYakSo, RiYakSo according to the size of the area under the direction of DoYakSo, which serves as the general command of HyangYak. The organization of DoYakSo was composed of Doheon 1, Buheon 1, Doyusa 1, ChanYak 5, JangUi 5, JuMu 5, ChanUi 5, ChanMu 5, SaRyae and SaJeong 3, JikWal 6, SaJeok and SaHwa 2, and JeonSin 5. This was largely similar to the Jecheon HyangYak and Gwanil Yak, which were directly or indirectly given by Yu In-seok. The confucian scholars who defected to West Gando considered Gwanjeon-hyeon HyangYak as a way to independence. Cho Maeng-seon and others of Korean Independence Corps tried to make joined Korean Independence Corps even before the confucian scholars, who defected to the West Gando, set up Gwanjeon-hyeon HyangYak. This is because they praised the economic skills and reputation of the confucian scholars and believed that persuading the representative would absorb the capabilities of the confucian scholars. As a result, in July 1919, Park Jang-ho, Baek Sam-gyu, Song Sang-gyu, Kim Deok-shin, Kim Yoo-seong, and Jo Dae-neung joined Korean Independence Corps. In response, Yi So-eung maintained keep the justice attitude and was very critical of Korean Independence Corps and its alumni. Park Yang-seop supported Yi So-eung and tried to write an article in February 1920 to refute Baek Sam-gyu’s writing. Shortly after the confucian scholars who defected to West Gando joined Korean Independence Corps, Conflicts arose within the Korean Independence Corps over ideological issues such as ideology and the use of era name. Dangun origin era name was used in “Warning for the compatriot in Manchuria”, but “Warning Korean compatriots” was marked as the first year of the Republic of Korea. When Korean Independence Corps was divided into Giwon and Minguk, Baek Sam-gyu and Song Sang-gyu re-installed the Gwanjeon-hyeon HyangYak under the influence of Korean Independence Corps. In an effort to continue living in exile in Gwanjeon-hyeon, two to three officials, including the governor of Gwanjeon-hyeon, sent the “The Writing For Gwanjeon Management” in April 1920 to request the protection of Gwanjeon-hyeon HyangYak. After Hunchun Incident of 1920, the Gwanjeon-hyeon HyangYak participated in a meeting with seven organizations, including the Giwon Independence Corps, to discuss the military reunification of independence movement groups in the West Gando area. The conference was held in January 1922 and after this resulted in the formation of TongGunBu. In Gwanjeon-hyeon HyangYak, Oh Sang-yong, who was a HyangYakWon when Baek Sam-gyu was in Doheon, participated as the head of the HyangYakDan, and Song Jeon-am and Oh Wan-hwa also participated. This means that when the elders who led the installation of Gwanjeon-hyeon HyangYak disappeared, the juniors who were influenced by them continued their activities. The confucian scholars who defected to West Gando tried to preserve the Neo-Confucian tradition and maintain their exile based on it. Therefore, It showed a reactionary disposition to reject the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea. However, they made partial compromises to achieve the common goal of Korea’s independence and worked to achieve it.