양기탁의 서간도지역 독립운동

Abstract

This thesis aims to examine the independence movement of Yang Gi-Tak in West-Gando and his significance. Many independence movement leders were fighting for independence in West-Gando. The leading figure who endeavored to unify the independence movement and place its center in West-Gando was Yang Gi-Tak. Yang Gi-Tak exiled to West-Gando in 1915 and worked to unify independence movement. To do so, he established a central organization to unite independence movement groups for independence from different regions. He joined the Korean autonomous group, Dongsung Korean Livelihood, and attempted to associate with the independence movement in Russian Mritime Province of Siberia. For this purpose he cooperated with Haninsahuidang in organizing armed troops and transferred the students trained in West-Gando to Khabarovsk military school. After Kyungsin incident, Yang Gi-Tak exiled to West-Gando once again and led the independence movement groups to unite each other in West-Gando. When Tonggunbu tried to expand and reorganize, he persuade the independence movement leaders to unite and succeed in establishing Tongeuibu. When Uigunbu was separated from Tongeuibu and the Korean National Delegates Council failed in Shanghai, he again attempted to unite the independence corps in West-Gando. He left Tongeuibu and founded Jungeuibu by uniting the corps with Uisungdang as center. Moreover, he attempted to unite the independence movement through political party and founded Goryohyukmyungdang in order to unify the independence movement revolving around West-Gando with the associating of Jungeuibu, Cheondogyo association, Hyungpyungsa and independence activists in Russia. Yang Gi-Tak tried to build the center of independence movement in West-Gando region while unifying the independence corps in West-Gando. When dispatching the agents for the cooperation of Jungeuibu and Sinminbu in the Korean provisional government after the Korean National Delegates Council, he attempted to reorganize the Korean provisional government into a renovative independence movement organization in Manchuria. He was recommended for prime minister as the Korean provisional government’s effort to strengthen its status, however he rejected in order to build the center of independence movement in West-Gando. In order to build the center in West-Gando, Yang Gi-Tak devoted himself to establishing the foundation of Korean society. This society is the basis of independence movement for human and material resource. However, Kyungsin incident in 1920 greatly damaged the Korean society in West-Gando. Yang Gi-Tak realized that recovering the foundation of Korean society would lead to the independence movement of West-Gando. He aimed for an ideal village so that he established Manchuria Agriculture Company and Yuhan Agriculture Company with Jungeuibu and performed the survey of farming population with An Chang-Ho. He also had the Organization of Naturalized Koreans approved for autonomy by the Chinese government and supported independence movement and their families through Chosun Supporters Association for Revolutionists. A number of independence coprs were active in West-Gando and the ideology and directions of their leaders also varied. It is Yang Gi-Tak who collected these activities to concentrate their strength. Additionally, his activities to establish the center of independence movement in West-Gando with the foundation of Korean society are significant in the independence movement of West-Gando.