마조선에 나타난 교학사상

Abstract

It is true that we cannot disregards doctrines in the Chinese Seon School (中國禪宗) as it also belongs to Buddhism. However, the Chinese Seon School emphasized a practical meditation that is away from the doctrinal color of the other schools. Mazu Daoyi (馬祖道一, 709–788), the actual founder of the Chinese Seon School, showed the doctrinal aspect in his method of meditation. Although his instruction of the Dharma to his disciples was supposed to be based on the Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra (楞伽經, The Sūtra on Entering Laṅka), there is no direct mentioning about the sūtra. Instead he draws his Seon thought as the method of Mahāyāna meditation by quoting the Vimalakīrti-nirdeśa-sūtra (維摩經, Sayings of Vimalakīrti), Avataṃsaka-sūtra (華嚴經, Flower Garland Sūtra) and the Awakening of Mahāyāna Faith (大乘起信論, Skt. Mahāyāna-śraddhotpāda-śāstra). His Seon thought developed into the identity of mind and Buddha, 'mind is Buddha (卽心卽佛)', 'this mind is Buddha (非心非佛) and 'ordinary mind is the way (平常心是道) on the basis of the mind only view, the thought of emptiness and perfect harmony (or inter-penetration). His new Chinese Seon thought was characterized by 'practice of non-practice (無修)', everything of daily life is practice, through the implementation of 'non-discrimination (莫汚染)’ along with the philosophy of mind. Mazu Daoyi's Seon thought and the view of meditation is still considered to be very useful one as a modern Seon thought.