馬祖의 道不用修에 대한 批判的 고찰

Abstract

Mazu Daoyi (⾺祖道⼀, 709~788) was a zen priest that created a great sensation about patriarchal zen during the Tang Dynasty. His ideas are represented by "The mind is Buddha (卽心卽佛)", "The ordinary mind is the truth (平常心是道)", and "Truth does not need to practice (道不⽤修)". He said that the mind was the basis of every being and Buddha. For him, the mind was not found in some transcendent beings like Buddha. If it is true that the mind is Buddha and that the ordinary mind of an ordinary person is truth, there will be no need to train one self hard. Here comes Mazu Daoyi's training theory that "The mind is Buddha", "Truth does not need to practice". As far as he is concerned, there will be no need to make efforts for self-cultivation toward truth if one's ordinary mind is Buddha. However, face many different problems if he or she takes his teachings, which include that an ordinary mind is a truth and that does not need to practice, just literally. If one refuses to practice him or herself and acts like an ascetic based on the belief that his or her mind contaminated with anguish is Buddha, he or she will engage in an evil practice. This is a negative effect one will face when taking Mazu Daoyi's ideas literally. His teaching "The mind is Buddha", which means that the mind is Buddha, tells people not to find Buddha outside themselves.