다문화사회 전문가 제도의 제도화와 성과 구조: 한국과 캐나다의 비교연구

Abstract

This study examines the institutionalization and inclusiveness of multicultural expert systems through a comparative case analysis of Korea and Canada. Amid growing global migration and social diversification, the need for structured multicultural policies has become urgent. While Canada has established a professional framework embedded in immigration governance, Korea’s system remains largely confined within a family welfare paradigm, lacking standardized qualifications, field deployment, and performance accountability. Using a structured and focused comparison approach, this research analyzes six key dimensions: institutional foundation, training and practicum structure, qualification and renewal system, field deployment, performance management, and inclusiveness. The analysis applies an integrated theoretical framework drawing on Berry’s mutual acculturation, Bourdieu’s field theory, Abbott’s professionalization model, and Banks’ multicultural education theory. The findings reveal a policy gap between the two nations: Canada exhibits a rights-based, performance-linked, and practice-oriented system, while Korea displays fragmented implementation, credentialism, and limited inclusiveness. The study highlights the need to redesign Korea’s system by embedding rights, diversity, and accountability into its expert policy infrastructure. This research contributes to the field by offering a theoretically grounded and empirically comparative framework for understanding how multicultural expert systems can be institutionalized as integral components of democratic and inclusive social integration.