표준필수특허(SEP) 과잉선언의 문제와 필수성 재고 방안
Over-Declaration of Standard Essential Patents(SEP) and Reconsideration of Essentiality
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
표준필수특허(SEP)에 관한 중요한 사실 중 하나는 선언된 모든 표준특허가 필수적인 것은 아니며, 모든 필수특허가 선언된 것도 아니라는 것이다. 특히 민간 표준화기구에 의해 선언된 필수특허(declared-SEP: 이하 dSEP)의 경우 그 숫자는 지난 5년간 3배 가까이 늘어났으나, 실제로 필수적인 것으로판명되는 경우는 소수에 불과하다. 특허권자는 dSEP를 보유할 확실한 인센티브가 있으므로 가능한 많은 특허를 SEP로 선언하고자 하는 반면, 대부분의 SSO가 dSEP의 필수성을 검증하거나 관련 정보의 업데이트를 요구하지않는다는 데서 이와 같은 과잉선언의 문제가 발생한다. SEP 과잉선언은 특허 라이선싱과 소송 모두에서 상당한 비효율과 사회적 비용을 초래할 수 있음에도 불구하고, 그에 대한 학문적 관심은 크지 않았다. 이에 본고에서는 그동안 주목받지 못했던 SEP 과잉선언의 문제를 다룬다. 과잉선언이 만연하게 된 다양한 원인 분석에서 시작하여 그에 따른 사회적비용, 그리고 SEP 필수성을 재고할 수 있는 방안을 차례로 검토하고자 한다. 구체적으로는 필수성검증시스템의 구축과 특허 유사풀(Pseudo-Pools)을 통한 통제, 해외 출원현황과 같은 기타 요인들을 통한 필수성 판단, AI 기반SEP 예측 모델 등이 있다.
Abstract
One of the important facts about Standard Essential Patents(SEP) is that not all declared SEP are essential, and not all essential patents are declared. In particular, while the number of SEP declared by Standard- Setting Organizations has nearly tripled over the past five years, only a few have actually been found to be essential. Because Patent holders have a clear incentive to hold dSEPs, they are willing to declare as many patents as SEP as possible. Moreover most SSOs don’t review the essentiality of dSEPs or require updates of relevant information. In this regard, the problem of over-declaration arises. Although the overdeclaration of SEP can lead to significant inefficiencies in both patent licensing and litigation and increase social costs, academic interest in these problems was not great. This paper deals with the problem of over-declaration of SEP, which has not received much attention. Starting with the analysis of the various causes of the widespread over- declaration, the social costs and solutions to reconsider the essentiality of SEP will be reviewed in turn. Specifically, there are establishing an essentiality assessment system or patent pseudo-pools, introducing AI-based SEP prediction model, and estimating essentiality through other determinants such as broad filing of a patent across multiple countries.
참고문헌 (44)
- 최승재, "표준필수특허와 법" (2021), 박영사
- 특허청, "표준특허 길라잡이 2. 0", 특허청, ~ (2021)
- 이준하, "특허풀의 표준특허와 표준화 기구의 선언 특허 간의 상관관계 분석", 발명특허, 36(11) (2011)
- 이호영, "표준필수특허 보유자의 FRAND 확약 위반행위에 대한 공정거래법의 집행에 관한 연구", 상사법연구, 31(4), pp.233~289 (2013), 한국상사법학회
- 전영상, "5G 표준특허 선언 및 정책 동향", ICT Standard Weekly, (1059) (2020)
- Akins, Cody M., "Overdeclaration of Standard-Essential Patents", Texas Law Review, 98 (2020)
- Strategic Declaration of Standard Essential Patents, "AOKI, Reiko", RIETI, ~, pp.RIETI Discussion Paper Series , 18-E-035 (2018)
- Bartlett, Jason R., "Rationalizing FRAND Royalties : Can Interpleader Save the Internet of Things?", Review of Litigation, 36 (2017)
- Contreras, Jorge L., "Fixing FRAND : A Pseudo-Pool Approach to Standards-Based Patent Licensing", Antitrust Law Journal, 79 (2013)
- Contreras, Jorge L., "Technical Standards and Ex Ante Disclosure : Results and Analysis of an Empirical Study", Jurimetrics, 53 (2013)
- García, Kristelia A., "A Reconsideration of Copyright’s Term", Alabama Law Review, 71 (2019)
- Harhoff, Dietmar, "Citations, Family Size, Opposition and the Value of Patent Rights", Research Policy, 32(8) (2003)
- Holt, Krista F., "What’s It Worth? Principles of Patent Valuation", Landslide, 8(1) (2015)
- Kappos, David J., "Comparing the Strength of SEP Patent Portfolios : Leadership Intelligence for the Intelligence Community", Journal of National Security Law & Policy, 12 (2022)
- Kogan, Leonid, "Technological Innovation, Resource Allocation, and Growth", The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 132(2) (2017)
- Patterson, M. R., "Inventions, Industry Standards, and Intellectual Property", Berkeley Technology Law Journal, 17 (2002)
- Pohlmann, Tim et al., "Standard Essential Patents to Boost Financial Returns", R&D Management, 46 (2016)
- Schankerman, Mark, "How Valuable is Patent Protection? Estimates by Technology Field", The RAND Journal of Economics, 29 (1998)
- 이수진, "FRAND 선언한 표준특허의 권리행사에 관한 연구", 박사, 법학과, pp.2014
- 박설민, "‘총성 없는 전쟁’ ICT표준특허를 주목해야 하는 까닭", 시사위크, ~ (2020)
- 오찬종, "5G시대 AI산업 급성장 … 수년 내 3조달러 가치 창출할 것", 매일경제, ~ (2019)
- 표준특허 ‘세계 1위’ 검증이 필요하다, "전자신문 ETNEWS", 2021
- Wingrove, Patrick, "SEP stakeholders want essentiality checks in 2020 to streamline negotiations", Managing IP, ~ (2020)
- Pohlmann, Tim, "AI may be the solution to skyrocketing numbers of SEP declarations", IAM Magazine, ~ (2021)
- Pohlmann, Tim, "Using AI to Valuate and Determine Essentiality for SEPs", IPlytics, ~ (2021)
- "Over-Declaration of Standard Essential Patents"[URL]
- "Over-Declaration of Standard Essential Patents and Determinants of Essentiality"[URL]
- "A Study of IPR Policies and Practices of A Representative Group of Standards Setting Organizations Worldwide"[URL]
- "Analysis of Patents Declared as Essential to GSM as of June 6, 2007"[URL]
- "Review of Patents Declared as Essential to LTE and SAE (4G Wireless Standards) Through June 30, 2009"[URL]
- "Review of Patents Declared as Essential to WCDMA Through December, 2008"[URL]
- "Over-Declaration: Why Some Standard Essential Patents Actually Aren’t Essential"[URL]
- "How To Check The Essentiality of Standard Essential Patents?"[URL]
- "Over-Declaration of Standard Essential Patents and the Determinants of Essentiality"[URL]
- "Does Over-Declaration Impede Access to Cutting-Edge Standardised Technologies?"[URL]
- "Managing the Unavoidable-Recent Developments in Standard Essential Patent Litigation in the U.S. and Europe"[URL]
- 5G 이동통신 분야 선언 표준 특허 필수성 분석의 경제적 효과 연구, "한재필", 특허청, ~ (2021)
- Disclosure Rules and Declared Essential Patents, "Bekkers, Rudi", NBER, ~, pp.NBER Working Paper 23627 (2017)
- Pilot Study for Essentiality Assessment of Standard Essential Patents, "Bekkers, Rudi", Publications Office of the European Union, ~ (2020)
- Setting Out the EU Approach to Standard Essential Patents, "European Comm’n", European Comm’n, ~ (2017)
- Guide to Licensing Negotiations Involving Standard Essential Patents(EN), "Japanese Patent Office", Japanese Patent Office, ~ (2018)
- Maskus, Keith, "Patent Challenges for Standard-Setting in the Global Economy―Lessons From Information And Communications Technology" (2013), Nat'l Research Council
- Landscaping study on Standard Essential Patents(SEPs), "Pohlmann, Tim", European Comm’n, ~ (2016)
- Transparency, Predictability, and Efficiency of SSO-based Standardization and SEP Licensing, "Régibeau, Pierre", European Comm’n, ~ (2016)