전국 주민자치회 위원 추첨제 운용 실태 및 실효성 연구: 쿼터제를 중심으로

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to understand the operation status of the public sortition system for the Eup･Myeon･Dong Residents' Autonomy Board in South Korea and to find ways to establish the sortition system as an effective system that can secure the representativeness of residents. To this end, the various quota systems applied in drawing members of the Residents' Autonomy Board were investigated. Request for information disclosure by the Ministry of the Interior and Safety (MOIS) for data on the current status of members, such as whether and how the sortition system is implemented, the fixed number and term of office of members, the proportion of members by gender and age, and the proportion of new members collected through. As a result of the data survey, most of the Board stipulates that members are composed of open draws, but several places consisting of no draws due to insufficient quota have been identified. In addition, while the composition of members through the group quota system was substantially reflected, there were many places where the gender or age quota system was not actually applied even if there was a system. However, one of the survey results is that it has found a small number of places to design and apply the various quota systems. The area had specific manuals to expand the recruitment quota or to establish and implement standards for gender and age quotas. This study not only confirmed the quantitative ratio but also discovered and introduced original cases of the quota system operation. Through this, some of the necessary things were derived for the Board member sortition system to settle down as a highly effective system that can secure residents' representativeness. First, it is necessary to clarify the application criteria and qualification conditions of the collective quota system. Second, in order to revitalize the democratic and healthy organizational culture and sustainable resident autonomy of the Board, it is necessary to introduce a quota system for new members rather than restrictions on the number of consecutive terms of members. Third, in order to plan and apply various sortition quota systems according to the region, production, sharing, and education of sortition manuals are required, which is possible when there is a professional support organization supporting the Board. Ultimately, this study emphasizes the potential of the member sortition system as a way to secure representation of residents on the Board. In order for the sortition system to settle down as an effective system, it is expected that specific discussions on the quota system will be publicized as an institutional framework rather than a simple random sortition.