WHY DID GREEKS AND ROMANS FIGHT WARS?
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Let us conclude with one final illustration from Roman history. On the eve of the Third Punic War in the late 150s BC, when Rome dominated the Mediterranean, Cato the Elder stood in the senate at Rome and produced fresh figs picked in Carthage just a couple of days earlier. His point was that the Carthaginians could appear at any moment without warning at the gates of his city. Carthage was a city-state across the sea, Rome a superpower. But Rome, he thought, would never be safe until Carthage was destroyed. He ended every speech in the Senate with the words: “Carthago delenda est!” This Roman, at least, still feared the descendants of Hannibal. There was opposition to his arguments for war, but in the end he had his way. Can we believe that Romans genuinely feared Carthaginian power?Significantly, in 151 BC the Carthaginians had paid the last installment of the indemnity imposed by Rome at the end of the Second Punic War fifty years earlier. It is not hard to see an economic motivation. Rome launched its final war on Carthage and destroyed the ancient city. The survivors of the siege were sold into slavery for profit – Fear there may have been, but Glory none! – Greed won out in the end.
Abstract
Let us conclude with one final illustration from Roman history. On the eve of the Third Punic War in the late 150s BC, when Rome dominated the Mediterranean, Cato the Elder stood in the senate at Rome and produced fresh figs picked in Carthage just a couple of days earlier. His point was that the Carthaginians could appear at any moment without warning at the gates of his city. Carthage was a city-state across the sea, Rome a superpower. But Rome, he thought, would never be safe until Carthage was destroyed. He ended every speech in the Senate with the words: “Carthago delenda est!” This Roman, at least, still feared the descendants of Hannibal. There was opposition to his arguments for war, but in the end he had his way. Can we believe that Romans genuinely feared Carthaginian power?Significantly, in 151 BC the Carthaginians had paid the last installment of the indemnity imposed by Rome at the end of the Second Punic War fifty years earlier. It is not hard to see an economic motivation. Rome launched its final war on Carthage and destroyed the ancient city. The survivors of the siege were sold into slavery for profit – Fear there may have been, but Glory none! – Greed won out in the end.
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