한국농업의 위기와 법제도 개선방안 ― 식량주권을 중심으로 ―

Abstract

Food crisis is a serious problem in these days especially because of rice import opening under the WTO system emphasizing the free trade. The free trade makes food a goods for profit. Food sovereignty is more and more important issue in 21st century. It means the right of the people to decide who produces food and how to feed all the people sufficiently, healthily and culturally appropriately in their own country. That is, it also means the right to define their own food and agriculture systems. Moreover, it focuses on localizing food and maximizing the contribution of ecosystems. Food sovereignty movement values food providers and farming. Many countries have adopted the principle in a law, such as constitution, legislative act and ordinance. However, in Korea agriculture is treated merely as one of the industry, whose global competitiveness has to be raised. The government's policy of food system is far from sufficient for achieving food sovereignty. There are over 80 laws about agriculture and food, but that does not mean that we have satisfactory system or solution for food crisis. Each law does not pursue food issues but its own goal. Seed law for seed, environmentally friendly agriculture law for environmentally friendly agriculture, local food law for local food, etc. Now, it is time to make a new law, which enables food sovereignty.