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아동의 기질과 품행문제 간 관계: 부부갈등의 조절효과를 중심으로

The Relationship of Child Temperament and Conduct Problem: The Moderation of Marital Conflict

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초록

본 연구에서는 아동의 냉담-무정서 특질(Callous-unemotional trait, CU)과 탈억제 기질이 이후 아동의 품행문제를 예측하는 데 있어 부부갈등의 조절효과를 검증하였다. 연구대상은 육아정책연구소의 한국아동패널연구(Panel Study on Korean Children, PSKC)의 2차, 5차 및 8차년도에 응답한 174가구였다. 부모가 자기보고식 질문지를 사용하여 아동의 CU특질(아동 연령 4세), 탈억제 기질(14개월), 품행문제(7세), 부부갈등(14개월, 4세)에 대해 응답하였다. 위계적 회귀분석 결과, 품행문제에 대한 CU특질과 부부갈등의 주효과가 유의하였으며, CU특질과 부부갈등의 상호작용 효과가 유의하였다. 구체적으로, CU특질 수준이 높을수록 품행문제 수준이 높으며, 이러한 관계는 부부갈등 수준이 높을 때에만 나타났다. 한편 품행문제에 대한 탈억제의 주효과 및 부부갈등과의 상호작용 효과는 모두 유의하지 않았다. 본 연구결과는 품행문제의 발달경로를 이해하고 개입하는 데에 개인 내, 외적 요인을 함께 고려하는 중요성을 시사한다.

Abstract

The present study examines marital conflict as a moderator of relationships between early early child callous-unemotional (CU) traits, disinhibition temperaments, and conduct problems at the transition-to-school-age. Data from waves 2, 5, and 8 of the Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC) of the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education (KICCE) were analyzed. Parents provided ratings of a child’s CU at four years of age, disinhibition at 14 months, marital conflict at 14 months and four years, and child conduct problems at seven years. The result of hierarchical regression showed that CU and marital conflict had significant main effects on future conduct problems. In addition, interaction effects between CU and marital conflict were statistically significant such that the associations between CU and conduct problems were larger for children whose parents reported high levels of marital conflict. On the other hand, main effects of disinhibition and interaction effect between disinhibition and marital conflict on conduct problems were not significant. Results are discussed with respect to both individual and contextual factors in developmental pathways to conduct problems.

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