북한 역사학 형성에 소련 역사학이 미친 영향

Abstract

Early North Korean historiography actively embraced Soviet historio graphy. Stalinist historiography, formed since the 1930s, was a national history of the Soviet Union respecting Russian nationalism based on his orical materialism. The ideologies and methods of Soviet historiography were consistent with the goal of North Korean historiography to develop he history of the nation under the banner of anti-colonialism. The publication of History Science in 1955 was a new beginning for North Korean historiography. While the core content of North Korean his oriography was nationalism, the main form of it was collective research, especially the culture of “criticism and self-criticism”. Linking with the historiography of the Soviet Union, which had melted after Stalin’s death n 1953, the culture of “criticism and self-criticism” was created in North Korean history academia. The historiography of North Korea and the Soviet Union became rigid side by side as they experienced the Hungarian crisis and “August Plenary Meeting” in Pyongyang, 1956. Criticism and purging of Lee Cheong-won symbolize the politicization of North Korean historiography. In 1960, the Party-sprit principle and Historicism principle were established as ideologies of North Korean historiography. North Korean historiography criticized Soviet historiography and tried to distance itself from it, but this was a process of internalizing Soviet historiography. In the 1960s, North Korean historiography achieved the theory of developmental stages of national history through the debate on slavery and the time frame of modern and contemporary times. The development and consequences of various debates in the North Korean historiography are strongly influenced by the Soviet historiography.