약명 유형에 나타난 고려시대 약물들의 구조 — 『 향약구급방』「방중향약목초부」를 중심으로 —

Abstract

In this article, I looked at the distribution and aspects of local drugs during the Goryeo Dynasty, focusing on the List of local medicinal herbs(方中鄕藥目草部) included as an appendix in Hyangyaggugeubbang(鄕藥救急方). In this process, drugs of the Goryeo Dynasty were classified into types A, B, C, D, and E. The List of local medicinal herbs, compiled between the late Goryeo and early Joseon Dynasty, was influenced by China's Jeunglyuboncho(證類本草), judging from the order of arrangement of the drugs included and the contents cited. The purpose of compiling the List of local medicinal herbs was to provide accurate information on the obtain and processing of local drugs. When analyzing 180 kinds of drugs in the List of local medicinal herbs, 62 kinds(34.4%) were Type A, which literally followed the Chinese name. And there were 108 kinds(60.0%) of type B, which corresponds one-to-one between the Chinese names and Idu(吏讀), an archaic Korean notation. And there were 10 kinds(5.6%) of type C whose Chinese names were directly translated into Idu. Meanwhile, looking at the drugs in the main text of Hyangyaggugeubbang, there were drugs that needed to be further classified. Accordingly, a categorization was proposed into Type D, which was foreign drugs that were attempted to be cultivated in the Goryeo and Joseon, and Type E, which were drugs that had to be completely dependent on imports. Comparing the drugs between the main text of Hyangyaggugeubbang and the List of local medicinal herbs, the Goryeo Dynasty's continued interest in drugs was clearly revealed. The increased interest in local drugs meant that the stage of medical care during the Goryeo Dynasty was the ‘era of Hyangyak(鄕藥)’.