서해안 곰솔림의 지표화 산불 잠재 위험성 평가
Assessment of Surface Fire Potential Hazards for Pinus thunbergii Stands in West Coast
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초록
본 연구에서는 서해안 지역에 분포하고 있는 곰솔림을 대상으로 지표층 연료의 수집과 분석을 통해 봄철 건조시기의 연료습도, 층위별 연료량, 연료분포 비율 특성을 파악하고, 수관화 전이 잠재 위험성을 평가하고자 하였다. 곰솔림 36개 표본점을 선정하여 지표층 연료 총 108개 시료를 분석에 이용하였으며, 국외에서 제시한 열에너지 역학방정식을 적용하여 수관화 전이 잠재 위험성을 추정하였다. 본 연구결과 에 의하면, 지표층 각 부위별 연료에서 낙엽이 차지하는 비중은 평균 73.3%로 가장 높았으며, 낙지>초본> 관목 순으로 연료가 분포하고 있었다. 높은 영급에서 관목과 초본층 연료량이 줄고, 낙엽과 낙지층 연료량이 점차 증가하는 현상을 보였다. 수관화 전이 결정 화염강도는 Ⅱ영급 1,241.29 kW/m, Ⅲ영급 1,778.62 kW/m, Ⅳ영급 3,242.69 kW/m, Ⅴ영급 4,036.28 kW/m로 높은 영급일수록 수관화 전이에 필요한 전이 결정 강도가 높아짐을 알 수 있었으며, 수관화 전이 결정 화염길이는 Ⅱ영급에서는 2.086m, Ⅴ영급 의 경우에는 3.536m이었다. 본 연구의 결과는 우리나라 침엽수종의 산불연료모델 개발과 수관화를 예방 하기 위한 임목 가지치기 기준 마련에 활용될 것이다.
Abstract
This study purpose to analyze the characteristics of surface fuel load and estimate potential crown fire stands. A total of 108 surface fuel samples were analyzed from transition hazards in 36 selected plots. The potential hazards of crown fire transition was estimated using the previously proposed heat energy dynamics equation. The proportion of dead leaves in the surface fuels was the highest at 73.3%, followed by snags, herbs, and shrubs. As the age increased the fuel load for shrubs and herbs decreased, while the fuel load for dead leaves and snag increased. The critical values to assessment of surface fire intensity was 1,241.29 kW/m in the Ⅱ age class, 1,778.62 kW/m in the Ⅲ age calss, 3,242.69 kW/m in the Ⅳ age class, 34,036.28 kW/m in the Ⅴ age class. As age increases, the flame intensity required for crown fire transition becomes higher. The critical flame length was 2.086m in the Ⅱ age class, and 3.536m in the Ⅴ age class. The results of this study were used to develop a fuel model and It will be used to establish pruning standards for prevent crown fires in coniferous species.
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