충남지역 리기다소나무림의 지표층 산불 연료 특성 분석
Estimation of Characteristics of Wildfire Surface Fuel for Pinus Rigida Stands in Chungnam Province
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초록
본 연구에서는 충남지역을 대표하는 리기다소나무림을 대상으로 지표층 연료의 특성을 파악하고, 수관화 전이 잠재 위험성을 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 리기다소나무림 32개 표본점을 선정하여 지표층연료 총 96개 시료를 채취·분석하였으며, 국외에서 제시한 물리 산불수학식을 적용하여 수관화 전이잠재 위험성을 추정하였다. 본 연구결과에 의하면, 지표층 각 부위별 연료에서 낙엽이 차지하는 비중은70% 이상으로 가장 높았으며, 낙지>초본>관목 순이었다. 임령이 증가할수록 관목과 초본층 연료량은점차 줄어들고, 낙엽과 낙지층 연료량이 급격히 증가하였다. 수관화 전이 결정 화염강도는 Ⅱ영급1,223.95 kW/m, Ⅲ영급 2,249.24 kW/m, Ⅳ영급 2,954.95 kW/m, Ⅴ영급 3,125.29 kW/m로 영급이 올라갈수록 수관화 전이에 필요한 열 강도가 높아짐을 알 수 있었으며, 수관화 전이 결정 화염길이는 Ⅱ영급2.033m에서 Ⅴ영급 3.275m 수준이었다. 본 연구의 결과는 우리나라 침엽수종의 산불연료모델을 개발하는데 유용하게 활용될 것이다.
Abstract
This study purpose to analyze the characteristics of surface fuel load and estimate potential crown fire transition hazards in Pinus Rigida stands. Surface fuels were collected from 96 samples in Pinus Rigida stands. A wildfire spread equation presented in foreign countries was applied to analyze the potential crown fire transition hazard in Korea. The results of this study showed that the percentage of dead leaves in the surface fuel was over 70%, followed by snag, herb, shrubs. As the age increased the amount of fuel for shrubs and herbs decreased, while the amount of fuel for dead leaves and snag increased. The critical values to assessment of surface fire intensity was 1223.95 kW/m in the Ⅱ age class, 2249.24 kW/m in the Ⅲ age calss, 2954.95 kW/m in the Ⅳ age class, 3125.29 kW/m in the Ⅴ age class. the age increased the higher the flame intensity required for crown fire transition. The critical values to assessment of flame length was 2.033m in the Ⅱ age class and 3.275m in the Ⅲ age class. The results if this study were used to develop a wildfire fuel model for coniferous species in South Korea.
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