소나무림과 잣나무림의 산불 잠재위험성 비교
Comparison of Forest Fire Potential Hazards for Pinus Densiflora and Pinus Koraiensis Stands
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초록
본 연구에서는 우리나라를 대표하는 침엽수종 소나무림과 잣나무림을 대상으로 지표층 연료의 특성을 파악하고, 수관화 전이 잠재 위험성을 비교하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 소나무 임분과 잣나무 임분에서 지표층연료를 144 sample, 53 sample을 채취하여 분석에 이용하였으며, 국외에서 제시된 바 있는 물리적 산불수학식을 적용하여 수관화 전이 잠재위험성을 분석하였다. 본 연구 결과에 의하면, 잣나무림은 타감작용의 여파로 관목층과 초본층 연료량이 소나무림에 비해 적은 것으로 나타났으나, 낙엽, 낙지층 연료량은 소나무림에 비해 많은 것으로 분석되었다. 수관화 전이 잠재위험성 분석에서는 수관화 전이 결정 강도, 수관화 전이 결정 화염길이, 수관화 전이 결정 확산속도 모두 잣나무림이 높은 결과치를 나타내었는데, 이는 잣나무림이 소나무림에 비해 수관화 전이 위험성이 낮음을 의미한다. 이러한 원인은 잣나무림이 소나무림에 비해 지표층 연료에 함유되어 있는 수분의 양이 많고, 임분의 평균 지하고가 높기 때문으로 사료된다.
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the characteristics of surface fuel load and estimate potential crown fire transition hazards in Pinus densiflora and Pinus koraiensis stands. Surface fuels were collected from 144 samples in Pinus densiflora stands and 53 samples in Pinus koraiensis stands. A forest fire spread equation presented in foreign countries was applied to analyze the potential crown fire transition hazard in Korea. The results of the data analysis showed that the shrub fuel layer and herb fuel layer of the load in Pinus densiflora stand was less than those in Pinus koraiensis stand due to allelopathy. It is also found that dead leaves and snags fuel was higher in Pinus densiflora stand than Pinus koraiensis stand, which indicates that Pinus koraiensis stand has relatively less risk of crown fire hazard than Pinus densiflora stand.
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