임진왜란기 문경지역 開城高氏의 위상과 역할

Abstract

The Gaeseong Goh family represents one of the distinguished families in Munjyeong. Goh Eul-nah (高乙那) is devoted as the progenitor of this family and Goh Mal-no (高末老) as a great forefather who revived this family. The settlement of the Gaeseong Goh family in Munkyeong started as Goh Sa-won (高士原), the 12th descendant generation from Goh Mal-no, rusticated to Wangtae of Yongkung district. The Gaeseong Goh family raised itself to a distinguished leader in Munkyeong area after its family members passed national examinations around Imjin War. While the members of this family had continually passed the military service examinations since Goh Sa-won, Goh Heung-un (高興雲) started the family history of the successful national examinations in humanities and his son Goh In-gey (高仁繼) passed National Siknyeon Humanities Examination in 1606 (the 39th year of King Seonjo). Goh Sang-eon (高尙顔) passed the National Humanities Exam in 1576 (the 9th year of King Seonjo) and served as local heads in Kyeongsang area. Goh Sang-eon’s brother Goh Sang-zeung (高尙曾) could not pass the exams and instead joined the voluntary people's forces in their resistance against the Japanese invading army. When it comes to scholarship, the Gaeseong Goh family had relations with Taegae School. When Imjin War broke out, Goh Sang-eon corresponded by letters with Kim Seong-il and Ryu Seong-ryong from Taegae School. While he was in government service, Goh In-gye not only interacted with federal government officials, but he also had companionship with scholars from Taegae School via Ryu Seong-ryong. Goh Sang-zeung’s direct relation with Ryu Seong-ryong was not verified, but it has been presumed that he kept an indirect connection with Ryu through the activities of the voluntary people's forces. Succeeding Taegae School, the Gaeseong Goh family published a collection of literary works and was able to establish a scholarship of its own. When Imjin War broke out, the distinguished families in Munkyeong joined the voluntary people's forces in their resistance against Japan. Specifically, the Gaeseong Goh family firmly held the traditional Confucius philosophy of faithful allegiance to the King and the nation, so that the whole family committed itself to the resistance activities through the voluntary people's forces to save the country from Japanese invasion rather than retreating to a remote countryside. The most urgent matter after the war was the stabilization of the people’s livelihood. Assisting a local government head, Goh Sang-zeung made an utmost effort to restore the stability and improvement of livelihood of the local people. Goh An-sang, Goh In-gye and Gang Seol of Jinju Gang family tried to implement Hangyak, a self-government rule, but it was interrupted because of Imjin War. After the war, the Gaeseong Goh and the Jinju Gang families actively engaged in the continuation of the implementation of Hangyak. Go An-sang wrote an agriculture book entitled Nonggawolryeong (『農家月令』) in order to help farming families to restore to the level of the pre-war product. He made it clear that agriculture was the prop of the people’s livelihood because farming provided them with basic needs for daily lives. He re-wrote the book in the Korean alphabet so that the uneducated farmers could read and understand easily. This book gave detailed and practical instructions for farming. Goh An-sang’s interest in agricultural skills and technology was also shown in his essay collection Hyobinjapgi (「效嚬雜記」).