漢詩의 詩語 選擇에 적용된 몇 가지 原則

Abstract

This paper sought to examine several rules for many poets choosing poetic words in the past times. Thus, several things were found. First, avoided in the choice of poetic words were Beomje (犯題. the duplicated use of characters used in the subject), Jungun(重韻. the duplicated use of characters used in the end rhyme portion), Nanja(難字. the use of strange, difficult characters). Of these, Nanja tended to be strongly avoided since before the establishment of recent-style poetry. But Boemje and Jungun began to be avoided only after the establishment of recent- style poetry. This is because the importance of the poem's subject was recognized again, and because the weight of rhyme portion was boosted. Second, Jungja(重字. the duplicated use of characters used in the main body) was avoided after the establishment of recent-style poetry. But they were not avoided unconditionally. Cheopeo(疊語. the repetitive use of the same word), Dangwijungja(單句重字. repeated use of same characters in a single phrase), and Yeonhwanjungja(連環重字. continued repetitive use of same characters in circular phrases) were used. These expressions were seen as delivering more important effects than the simple repetition of characters did. Third, of Heoja(虛字. false characters), Heosa(虛詞. which has supplementary grammatical function) was avoided. This is because it was difficult to express grammatically perfect sentences in a simple poetic phrase, and because somewhat incomplete expressions could double the poetic effectiveness. But Heoja was not avoided unconditionally. Heoja, which has an important function to describe the motion status of Sila(實字. true words), was appropriately used to deliver the intended effects. Thus, abler poets used Heoja to deliver more delicate expressions.