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“서번트 리더의 중요성” : 고용 불안정성이 혁신 행동에 미치는 영향, 서번트 리더십으로 조절된 기본 심리 욕구 만족의 매개 효과

“The Importance of Servant Leader” : The Influence of Job Insecurity on Innovative Behavior, the Mediating Effect of Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Moderating Effect of Servant Leadership

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초록

2018년 대한민국 비정규직 비율은 20.62%로 OECD 평균 보다 2배나 높다. 또한 정리해고, 명예퇴직, 계약직 제도 등으로 고용 불안정성이 증가하고 있다. 이런 고용 불안정성은, 기업의 생존에 반드시 필요한 조직 구성원들의 혁신행동을 악화시킨다. 이에 본 연구는고용 불안정성이 혁신행동에 영향을 미치는 과정에서의 작동 기제를 살펴볼 뿐만 아니라, 고용 불안정성의 부정적인 효과를 완화시킬 수 있는 요인을 밝히고자 하였다. 이에 고용불안정성이 구성원들의 기본 심리 욕구 만족을 매개로 혁신행동에 영향을 미치며, 고용불안정성이 심리적 욕구 만족을 약화시키는 과정에서, 서번트 리더십이 완충 작용을 할것임을 밝히고자 하였다. 연구 결과 고용 불안정성은 기본 심리 욕구 만족에 부(-)의영향을 미치고, 기본 심리 욕구 만족은 혁신행동에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 기본 심리욕구 만족은 고용 불안정성이 서번트 리더십에 미치는 영향을 불완전매개 역할을 하는것을 확인하였다. 또한 서번트 리더십은 고용 불안정성과 기본 심리 욕구 만족 간의 관계를 조절했다. 이에 대한 이론적, 실무적 시사점들을 기술하였다.

Abstract

This study not only examines the intermediating mechanism of the relationship between job insecurity and innovative behavior, but also attempts to identify factors that can mitigate the negative effects of job insecurity. To achieve the goals, this paper attempted to clarify the mediating effect of members' basic psychological need satisfaction, as well as the moderating effect of servant leadership in the job insecurity-basic psychological need satisfaction. We hypothesized that job insecurity weakens employee’s basic psychological need satisfaction, then the level of the satisfaction may determine the degree of employee’s innovative behavior. Most of all, servant leadership may act as a buffering factor between the job insecurity-basic psychological need satisfaction link. As a result of the study, we found that job insecurity had a negative (-) effect on basic psychological need satisfaction, and the basic psychological need satisfaction had a positive (+) effect on innovation behavior. It was confirmed that servant leadership mitigated the negative influence of job insecurity on employee’s basic psychological need satisfaction. The theoretical and practical implications for this are described.

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