중국 농촌지역학교 음악교사의 경험에 관한 현상학적 연구: 지린성 휘난현을 중심으로
A Phenomenological Study on the Experience of Primary Music Teacher in Huinan County Jilin Province, China
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본 연구의 목적은 중국 농촌지역 초등학교 음악교사들의 경험에 대하여 탐색하는 것이다. 이를 위해 연구자는 중국 지린성 휘난현에 위치한 초등학교에 근무하고 있는 3명의 음악교사를인터뷰한 뒤 축어록을 작성하여 현상학적 방법으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 2개의 주제와 7개의범주가 도출되었으며 그 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 농촌지역에서 근무하는 음악교사들의 직업적 경험에 대해서 교사라는 직업이 존중받는다고 인식하였으며 직업적 원동력으로는 농촌학생들의 성장과 가족들의 지지를 언급하였다. 또한 교사들은 학생들이 음악교육을 통하여 긍정적인 성장을 목격하면서 음악교사로서의 자긍심을 갖게 되었다. 그러나 이들은 농촌지역에 거주하기 때문에 정부에서 제공하는 장기연수에 참여할 수 없어 직업적 발달에 한계를 경험한다. 둘째, 교사들은 농촌지역에서 음악교육이 확장되는 것에 한계를 경험하였는데 이는 음악교과목이 입시에서 제외되었으며, 전국 공통 교재가 농촌지역에 거주하는 학생들에게는 맞지 않으며수준 높은 음악 문화를 접할 기회가 없어 이러한 점들이 음악교육에 영향을 미친다고 보고하였다. 음악은 인간의 정서적, 인지적, 신체적 성장에 긍정적 역할을 하며 더 나아가 인성의 변화를 가져올 수 있다. 연구결과는 음악교육이 농촌 지역에 근무하는 교사들의 처우개선, 학생들의성장 및 지역문화 발전에 대한 가치를 강조하기 위한 중요한 정보를 제공한다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore music teachers’ experiences in a rural area of China. The researcher interviewed three primary music teachers who work in Huinan County, Jilin Province in China and prepared interview transcriptions. After a data analysis, the researcher found that two themes and seven categories emerged. The results were as follows; First, music teachers were motivated to teach because teaching is an honorable occupation, but they also lack long-tern training's due to distance. In addition, they were encouraged when students grew and their lives changed. Second, it is hard to expand music education because music is excluded from university entrance exams, a national music textbook is not ideal for students in rural areas, and there is no consensus of what comprises high quality music in the culture. Music, in general, has influences on human beings psychologically, cognitively, and physically and furthermore brings changes to the whole person. Therefore, this research study provides significant information on improving the working conditions of music teachers and development of students’ growth in local cultures in rural areas in China.
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