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흰쥐 뇌에 분포하는 항원제공세포의 연령에 따른 변화

Age --related Changes of Antigen Presenting Cells in Rat Brain

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주제분류해부학

초록

면역반응에 필요한 T세포의 활성화를 위해서는 주조직적합복합체 (major histocompatibility complex [MHC]) class II 분자를 그들의 세포표면에 출현시킬 수 있는 항원제공세포가 필요하다. 정상 뇌에도 항원제공세포인 큰포식세포와 수지상세포가 존재한다는 일부 보고가 있으나 이 세포들의 분포 상태 뿐 만 아니라 연령에 따른 세포 수 및 형태의 변화에 대해서 보고된 바 없는 실정이다. 그러므로 본 연구자들은 연령에 따른 항원제공세포의 수 및 형태학적인 변화를 면역조직화학적 방법으로 밝히고자 본 연구를 시도하였다. 실험동물로는 생후 1개월(250 g), 12개월(700 g) 및 24개월(1,000 g)된 수컷 흰쥐(Sprague-Dawley)계를 연령별로 5마리씩 모두 15마리를 사용하였다. 동물을 마취시킨 상태에서 뇌를 적출하여 rat brain matrix (RBM)에 넣고 면도날로 뇌하수체의 정중앙을 통과하는 관상절단 뇌절편을 만든 후 탄산가스로 동결고정하였으며 동결절편기를 사용하여 연속조직절편을 제작한 후 면역조직화학염색을 시행하였다.항원제공세포들은 흰쥐 뇌의 맥락얼기와 백색질에서 관찰되었으며, 나이가 많아짐에 따라 항원제공세포의 수는 점차 증가되었다. 큰포식세포의 수는 수지상세포보다 연령 및 구역에 관계없이 항상 많았다. 연령이 증가함에 따라 항원제공세포들의 세포질돌기 분지양상은 더욱 복잡해졌고, 일부 세포들은 군집을 이루었다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 보아 항원제공세포들의 수적증가와 형태변화는 이들 세포로 하여금 항원과의 접촉기회를 증가시킴으로써 세포의존성 면역반응의 효율성 증대에 지대한 영향을 미칠 것으로 생각된다.

Abstract

Activation of T cells for an immune response requires the participation of antigen presenting cells that express class II major histocompatibility complex gene products on their surface. As far as we know, there is no study on the agerelated changes of ED2 immunoreactive macrophages and MHC class II immunoreactive dendritic cells in the normal rat brain. The aim of the present study is to investigate the age-related changes of dendritic cells and macrophages in rat brain. The distribution and morphology of the macrophages and dendritic cells in the rat brain were studied from the 1 month-, 12 month- and 24 month-old rats by means of immunohistochemical methods using anti-rat MHC class II and anti-rat ED2 monoclonal antibodies. Antigen presenting cells were observed in choroid plexuses and white matter of the rat brain. The numbers of antigen presenting cells gradually increased with age. At all age stages and regions of the rat brain, the numbers of ED2 immunoreactive macrophages was higher than that of MHC class II immunoreactive dendritic cells. According as age increases, shapes of antigen presenting cells became more complex and aggregated together. In conclusion, the above results suggest that the increases of the number and the changes of the morphology in two kinds of the antigen-presenting cells, MHC class II-immunoreactive dendritic cells and ED2-immunoreactive macrophages, with age may influence on effects of cell-mediated immune responses.

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