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흰쥐의 소뇌에서 글루탐산수송체의 노화에 따른 변화

Age-Related Changes of Glutamate Transporters in the Rat Cerebellum

최웅|이은영
대한체질인류학회|2008.12|해부·생물인류학 (Anatomy & Biological Anthropology)|제21권 제4호|pp. 371-380|DOI 10.11637/aba.2008.21.4.371

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키워드

노화AgingCerebellum소뇌글루탐산수송체GLT-1GLASTGlutamate transporters
주제분류해부학

초록

본 연구에서는 흰쥐의 소뇌에서 글루탐산수송체인 GLT-1과 GLAST의 노화에 따른 분포 양상 및 그 양 적 변화를 비교하였다. 이를 위하여 Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐를 성숙군으로 3개월령, 노화군으로 24개월령을 이용 하였다. 4% 파라포름알데히드 용액으로 관류고정 한 다음, 소뇌를 적출하고 뇌절편을 제작하여 GLT-1, GLAST에 대한 면역조직화학염색을 시행하였고, 면역조직염색 후 일부는 전자현미경 관찰을 위한 표본을 제작하였다. 관찰 결과, 소뇌에서 GLT-1과 GLAST에 대한 면역염색성은 소뇌 회색질의 전체 층에서 광범위하게 흩어져 관찰되었 다. 노화군에서 GLT-1에 대한 면역염색성은 성숙 대조군보다 증가한 반면, GLAST는 노화군에서 감소한 양상을 보였고 Western blot 결과는 면역조직화학염색의 결과와 일치하였다. 면역조직화학염색된 소뇌를 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과, GLT-1과 GLAST 각각은 별아교세포의 특징을 나타내는 아교세포에 국한되어 존재하였으며, 신경세 포에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 본 연구결과는 소뇌에서 글루탐산수송체인 GLT-1과 GLAST의 발현은 노화에 따른 변화를 보였는데, GLT-1은 노화에 따른 증가를, GLAST는 노화에 따른 감소를 보임으로, 이 두 수송체는 서로 다 른 조절 기전에 의한 노화에 따른 변화를 나타낼 가능성이 있음을 시사하였다.

Abstract

In the present study, we examined the distribution and amount of two important glutamate transporters, GLT-1 and GLAST in the cerebellum of young and aged rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were used at the age of three months for young control (n=3) and 24 months for aged group (n=4). After transcardial perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde, brain sections were immunostained for GLT-1, and GLAST. We found that GLT-1- and GLAST-immunoreactive materials were diffusely distributed throughout the gray matter of the cerebellum. Pre-embedding immunoelectron microscopic study demonstrated that the two glutamate transporters in the cerebellum were restricted to glial cells with astrocytic features. The intensity of GLT-1-immunostaining in the cerebellum appeared to be higher in aged rats than in young rats whereas GLAST-immunostaining decreased with aging. Western blot results were also consistent with the immunohistochemical observations. Conclusively, GLT-1 and GLAST expression in the rat cerebellum was changed with aging, i.e, increase of GLT-1 and decrease of GLAST expression with aging, which suggests that the two glutamate transporters might be regulated by different underlying mechanisms with aging.

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