Intangible cultural heritage as a resource for ‘self-stakeholderisation’: fieldwork among politically active civil society stakeholders in the province of Vojvodina, Serbia
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the effectiveness of stakeholder inclusion in preserving cultural values and identity, as embodied in intangible cultural heritage (ICH), without reigniting interethnic rivalries that contributed to war and social dismay in Yugoslavia in the 1990s. Despite widespread fears, particularly among anthropology and critical heritage scholars, that ICH is counter-indicative and has the potential to exacerbate social conflicts rather than contribute to peace and reconciliation efforts in post-conflict regions, anthropological fieldwork in the province of Vojvodina, Serbia – a region with 32 recognised nationalities, ethnic and religious communities – yielded promising results for ICH enthusiasts. The context of our research is a reflection on possible solutions to a critical sociopolitical issue – improving the somewhat unsuccessful implementation of the international policy framework aimed at the instrumentalisation of ICH safeguarding for peace building and reconciliation in post-conflict regions, such as our own (Western Balkans). During the fieldwork we observed a possibly unintended consequence of the implementation of the safeguarding protocols. Cultural entrepreneurship has been identified through the idiom of ‘self-stakeholderisation’ – a phenomenon of bottom-up agency by various actors who pursue developmental opportunities despite standard heritagisation practices dominated by cultural policies designed for the inclusion of stakeholders coming from dominant ethnic and religious populations. This research could serve as a starting point for the development of a comparatively applicable model of ICH stakeholder involvement in post-conflict societies, based on their self-stakeholderisation.
Abstract
The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the effectiveness of stakeholder inclusion in preserving cultural values and identity, as embodied in intangible cultural heritage (ICH), without reigniting interethnic rivalries that contributed to war and social dismay in Yugoslavia in the 1990s. Despite widespread fears, particularly among anthropology and critical heritage scholars, that ICH is counter-indicative and has the potential to exacerbate social conflicts rather than contribute to peace and reconciliation efforts in post-conflict regions, anthropological fieldwork in the province of Vojvodina, Serbia – a region with 32 recognised nationalities, ethnic and religious communities – yielded promising results for ICH enthusiasts. The context of our research is a reflection on possible solutions to a critical sociopolitical issue – improving the somewhat unsuccessful implementation of the international policy framework aimed at the instrumentalisation of ICH safeguarding for peace building and reconciliation in post-conflict regions, such as our own (Western Balkans). During the fieldwork we observed a possibly unintended consequence of the implementation of the safeguarding protocols. Cultural entrepreneurship has been identified through the idiom of ‘self-stakeholderisation’ – a phenomenon of bottom-up agency by various actors who pursue developmental opportunities despite standard heritagisation practices dominated by cultural policies designed for the inclusion of stakeholders coming from dominant ethnic and religious populations. This research could serve as a starting point for the development of a comparatively applicable model of ICH stakeholder involvement in post-conflict societies, based on their self-stakeholderisation.
참고문헌 (32)
- Abu Bakar, Aishah, "Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH): Understanding and manifestations", Paper presented at International Conference on Universal Design in Built Environment (2011)
- Aykan, Bahar, "Whose tradition, whose identity? The politics of constructing “NEvruz” as intangible heritage in Turkey", European journal of Turkish studies, 19 (2014)[DOI]
- Baxter, Ian, "Encyclopedia of global archaeology", pp.1928~1932 (2014), Springer
- Bortolotto, Chiara, "Proving participation: vocational bureaucrats and bureaucratic creativity in the implementation of the UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage", Social anthropology, 28(1), pp.66~82 (2020)[DOI]
- Brumman, Christoph, "The best we share: nation, culture and world-making in the UNESCO World Heritage arena" (2021), Berghahn Books
- Ćuković, Jelena, "The possibilities and obstacles to creating an inclusive register of the intangible cultural heritage of the autonomous province of Vojvodina – an anthropological analysis", Issues in ethnology and anthropology, 15(3), pp.313~332 (2020)[DOI]
- Ćuković, Jelena, "(Intangible) Cultural heritage as an instrument of reconciliation and resolution of cultural conflicts", Antropologija, 17(13), pp.45~56 (2017)
- Ćuković, Jelena, "Anthropological perspectives on intangible cultural heritage: Representativeness, selectivity, and instrumentalization", pp.2019
- Gavrilović, Ljiljana, "Nomen est omen: “baština” or “nasleđe” (not only) a terminological dilemma", Issues in ethnology and anthropology, 5(2), pp.41~53 (2010)
- George, E. Wanda, "Intangible cultural heritage, ownership, copyrights, and tourism", International journal of culture, tourism and hospitality research, 4, pp.376~388 (2016)[DOI]
- Gillion, Daniel Q, "The political power of protest, minority activism and shifts in public policy", pp.2013
- Góral, Anna, "Cultural heritage: management, identity and potential", pp.55~65 (2018), Jagiellonian University Press
- Grewe, Constance, "The participation of minorities in public life", pp.45~51 (2011), Council of Europe
- Grün, Sonja, "Construction of ethnic belonging in the context of former Yugoslavia – the case of a migrant from Bosnia-Herzegovina", Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung, 2009, pp.10(3), 1~23
- Hall, Stuart, "Cultural studies: two paradigms", culture and society, 2, pp.57~72 (1980)[DOI]
- Richard Kurin, "Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage: Key Factors in Implementing the 2003 Convention*", International Journal of Intangible Heritage, (2), pp.9~20 (2007), 국립민속박물관
- Lee, Yih-teen, "Knowledge transfer in multinational companies:sharing multiple perspectives", pp.1~5 (2016), L’Harmattan
- Lixinski, L, "Selecting heritage: the interplay of art, politics and identity", European journal of international law, 22(1), pp.81~100 (2011)
- Milenković, Marko, "Inkluzivni pristup zaštiti manjinskog nematerijalnog kulturnog nasleđa u Srbiji iz perspective standarda ljudskih prava", Etnoantropološki problemi, 14(2), pp.715~731 (2019)
- Milenković, Miloš, "Anthropology of multiculturalism: from identity politics to cultural heritage", Serbian Genealogical Center, Department of Ethnology and Anthropology, Faculty of Philosophy, ~ (2014)
- Milenković, Miloš, "Return to heritage : an essay in applied humanities", pp.2016
- Mozaffari, Ali, "Heritage movements in Asia: cultural heritage activism, politics & identity" (2020), Berghahn Books
- Mulcahy, Kevin, "Public culture, cultural identity, cultural policy. Comparative perspectives" (2017), Palgrave Macmillan
- Pivac, Tatjana, "The culture of national minorities as part of Vojvodina tourist offer", Tourism education studies and practice, 1(1), pp.31~40 (2014)
- Seglow, Jonathan, "Cultural heritage, ethics and contemporary migrations", pp.13~26 (2019), Routledge
- Stojšin, Snežana, "Ethnic diversity of population in Vojvodina at the beginning of the 21st century", European quarterly of political attitudes and mentalities, 4(2), pp.25~37 (2015)
- Timothy, Dallen, "Cultural heritage and tourism : an introduction" (2021), Channel View
- "UNESCO handout document ‘Roles of stakeholders in implementing the Intangible Heritage Convention’, 07665"[URL]
- "Capacity building for stakeholders involved in safeguarding the intangible cultural heritage in Burkina Faso"[URL]
- Vedder, Paul, "Handbook on positive development of minority children and youth", pp.123~137 (2017), Springer
- Vrdoljak, Ana Filipa, "Minorities, cultural rights and the protection of intangible cultural heritage" (2005), University of Western Australia
- Weller, Marc, "Institutions for the management of ethnopolitical conflicts in Central and Eastern Europe", Council of Europe, European Centre for Minority Issues, ~ (2008)