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조직혁신의 선행요인에 관한 탐색적 연구: 조직요인, 지식요인을 중심으로

Organizational and Knowledge Factors as Antecedents of Organizational Innovation

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한국혁신학회|2022.05|한국혁신학회지 (Innovation studies)|제17권 제2호|pp. 97-121

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교육Education협력Collaboration경영혁신탐색조직혁신SearchManagement InnovationOrganizational Innovation

초록

조직혁신(organizational innovation)은 기업성과를 증진시키는 중요한 현상이지만, 기술혁신(technological innovation)에 비해 그동안 많은 주목을 받지 못했다. 본 연구는 기업의 조직혁신 도입 결정이 조직요인 및 지식요인과 어떻게 관련되는지 연구한다. 본 연구는 조직혁신을 (1) 업무수행방식, (2) 업무수행조직, (3) 외부조직과의 관계라는 세 가지 부문에서의 변화 도입으로 이해하고, 각 부문에서의 변화 도입 결정과 기업의 조직요인 및 지식요인 간 상관관계를 분석한다. 본 연구는 2018 한국기업혁신조사 자료를 사용하여 우리나라 산업 전반의 R&D 활동이 있는 중소 제조기업 1,394개를 대상으로 이들 기업의 세 가지 부문에 걸친 조직혁신 도입 결정을 다변량 프로빗 모형(multivariate probit model)으로 동시에 모형화하여 분석한다. 분석 결과, 기업의 규모가 클수록 기업이 업무수행방식과 업무수행조직에 대해 변화를 도입할 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 기업의 개방형 혁신(open innovation)은 대체로 조직혁신을 도입할 가능성을 낮추었으나, 외부 협력파트너가 다각화되어있을 경우에 한해 기업이 외부조직과의 관계에 대해 변화를 도입할 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 세 가지 부문에서의 조직혁신 도입 결정은 상호보완적 관계를 가졌다. 본 연구는 세 가지 부문에서의 조직혁신이 기업의 조직요인 및 지식요인과 차등적으로 관련되어 있음을 보여주었다는 점에서 의의가 있으며, 우리나라 중소기업의 조직혁신을 다루었다는 점에서 유용한 실무적 시사점을 도출한다.

Abstract

Although organizational innovation is an important contributor to firm performance, it has received insufficient scrutiny, relative to technological innovation. In this study, we examine how firms’ organizational and knowledge factors are related to their implementation of organizational innovations. We understand organizational innovation as the implementation of changes in (1) business practices, (2) workplace organization, and (3) external relations. Empirically, we analyze organizational innovation decisions by 1,394 R&D-active Korean small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the manufacturing sector, using multivariate probit models. The results suggest that firms are generally more likely to implement organizational innovations when they are larger and when they engage less in open innovation. However, when firms engage in open innovation working with more diversified external collaboration partners, they are more likely to implement changes in external relations. Furthermore, decisions to implement the three types of organizational innovation are interrelated. This study shows that Korean manufacturing SMEs’ organizational and knowledge factors differentially correlate with their organizational innovation decisions and thus provides valuable implications for research and practice.

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