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人的交流は国際認識を変えるのか : 日中韓大学間交流プログラム 「キャンパス⋅アジア」の試み

Do people-to-people exchanges change international perceptions? A challenge of the CAMPUS Asia student mobility program among China, Japan, and Korea

최은미|杉村豪一|米沢竜也
현대일본학회 (The Korean Association of Contemporary Japanese Studies)|2021.06|일본연구논총 (The Korea Journal of Japanese Studies)|제53호|pp. 63-93

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참고문헌

키워드

East Asia東アジア日中韓人的交流CAMPUS AsiaChina–Japan–Korea (CJK)キャンパス⋅アジア国際認識People-to-People (P2P) ExchangesInternational Perceptions
주제분류지역학

초록

本稿では、日中韓3か国における人的交流が同地域の国家間協調に影響を与えるのかという 問題意識から、日中韓3か国大学間交流プログラムである キャンパス⋅アジア を事例に取り 上げ、学生の留学経験が国家間及び地域間の相互信頼、共同体意識、協力意識といった国際認 識に与える影響について分析した。具体的には、高麗大－神戸大－復旦大のコンソーシアムの 留学プログラムに参加した学生98名を対象にアンケート調査を実施し、彼らの国際認識に変化 をもたらす要因を明らかにした。分析では、留学における人的交流の量、知識の動員及び留学 プログラムへの適応度に関わる① 理解度の変化、② 滞在期間、③ 接触、④ 満足度、⑤ 語学 力の5つの要因を 独立変数 として取り上げ、日中韓3か国が属する東アジア地域に対する ① 帰属意識の変化、② 親近感の変化、③ 協力意識の変化、④ 協力可能性の認識に対する変 化、の4つの 従属変数 に対する影響を検討した。その結果、以下のような含意を導き出すこ とができた。まず、留学プログラムに対する総合的な満足度及びプログラムを通じての使用言 語である英語力の高さがプログラム参加学生の国際認識の変化に強い影響を及ぼしていた。 一方で、人的交流の頻度や地域に関する知識の習得度の影響は限定的であった。また、滞在期間 の長さが国際認識に対し必ずしも肯定的な影響を及ぼすのではないことも明らかになった。以 上の分析結果は、知識の習得や人的交流よりも留学プログラムに対する適応度が重要となるこ とを示すものである。この研究は、 キャンパス⋅アジア という公的な人的交流プログラムの 教育効果という側面だけでなく、人的交流と国家間協力という国際政治学的な研究に東アジア の経験という知見を追加するものであり、この分野における重要な貢献となると言えるだろ う。

Abstract

Starting with the research question of whether people-to-people (P2P) exchanges among China, Japan, and the ROK affect international cooperation, this study analyzes changes in international perceptions (such as mutual trust between countries and regions) from students’ experiences through the CAMPUS Asia student mobility program. As an example, we surveyed 98 participants in the overseas study programs of the Korea University, Kobe University, and Fudan University consortium, and then found out the factors that led to changes in students’ international perceptions. In order to analyze this, we set five factors as independent variables—changes in understanding, length of the stay, contacts, satisfaction, and language ability—that are related to the number of P2P exchanges, cognitive mobilization, and adaptation of the study programs. Then, we examined whether these factors affect the following dependent variables—a change in perceptions of identity, a change in familiarity, a change in the sense of cooperation, and a change in the perception of cooperative possibilities in East Asia, including China, Japan, and the ROK. As a result, the following implications could be derived. First, satisfaction with the study program and a strong English ability as a tool for understanding the program greatly affected changes in the participants’ international perceptions. Second, impacts were limited from the frequency of P2P exchanges and the amount of knowledge about the region. Third, the length of stay did not necessarily have a positive effect. These results indicate that adaptation to the study program is more important than the acquisition of knowledge or the frequency of P2P exchanges. In other words, this empirical research verified that quality is more effective than quantity when it comes to P2P exchanges. We believe this research may contribute not only to verification of the educational effectiveness of the CAMPUS Asia program but also to the accumulation of East Asian experiences in the field of international politics, and the correlation between P2P exchanges and international cooperation.

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