백제 한성기 중앙지역의 횡혈식 석실 초기 수용과 전파

Abstract

The corridor stone chambers from the Baekje Hanseong Period are recognized for their structural diversity as they disseminated from the central regions to regional and local powers. Recently, a significant number of standardized corridor stone chambers have been discovered in the Gamil-dong area of Hanam, implying that the dissemination from the central regions to regional and local powers likely involved specific regulations or standardized construction techniques. This paper aims to address these questions by re-evaluating the initial adoption of corridor stone chambers in the central region to explore how the corridor stone chambers of the Hanseong Period developed their structural diversity. The burial practices in the central region of Baekje are divided into western and eastern systems by the Seongnaecheon stream. In the western system, the Seokchon-dong tombs and Garak-dong Tomb No. 3 have been identified, and it has been confirmed through distribution maps created during the Japanese colonial period that these burial grounds are interconnected. In the eastern system, corridor stone chambers have been discovered in Gamil-dong, Gami-dong, and Gwangam-dong. The western burial chambers, located west of the Seongnaecheon stream, are large and square, while the eastern burial chambers are small and rectangular, highlighting a hierarchical distinction between the two areas. The numerous corridor stone chambers found in the eastern system, noted for their high structural quality, suggest that there were specific regulations governing the construction of burial systems in Baekje's central region. Based on this analysis, when examining the spread of corridor stone chambers to regional and local powers, it is observed that at sites where both square and rectangular shapes appear, the structures transition from small rectangular shapes to large square (or transverse rectangular) shapes. Furthermore, at sites where prestige goods have been unearthed, indicating close ties with the Baekje central region, it is commonly observed that the initial corridor stone chambers were constructed in the shape of small rectangular structures. These findings suggest that the differences between square and rectangular shapes found at the same site can be interpreted as a result of the degree of affinity with the Baekje central region at the time of initial adoption, rather than an issue of hierarchy. However, since changes in the layout are also observed, it is difficult to assert that there was continuous influence or regulation by the Baekje central region in the construction of burial systems. Furthermore, since transitions from rectangular to square layouts or the combined use of both shapes are observed within the same site, the perspective that these different layouts have distinct origins should be reconsidered.