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Local Discretion and Environmental Policy Making in South Korea: Three Models and a Test

TAOJILL LESLIE
서울대학교행정대학원 (gspa(graduate school of public administration seoul national university))|2016.12|Journal of Policy Studies|제31권 제3호|pp. 1-26

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키워드

Local autonomyrepresentative bureaucracyKorean environmental policyprincipal-agent theorydemocratic responsiveness.
주제분류정책학

초록

In South Korea, policy tools and priorities are set at the national leveland are controlled through both budget allocations and audits conducted on anannual basis. I look at the degree to which local officials adapt their budget allocationsto address local rather than national concerns in securing better air quality,using three different theoretical models: principal-agent, representative bureaucracy,and democratic responsiveness. I raise questions about the degree of control aunitary state can exercise over local problems and how this is reflected in localpolicy choices, especially in areas where the national government’s zone ofindifference is large, such as environmental policy. Panel data across 5 years(2007 to 2012) and from 9 geographically and socioeconomically diverse areaswithin South Korea indicates that local officials respond to local environmentalconditions by allocating more resources when needed. I discuss the implicationsfor autonomy in a local policy space.

Abstract

In South Korea, policy tools and priorities are set at the national leveland are controlled through both budget allocations and audits conducted on anannual basis. I look at the degree to which local officials adapt their budget allocationsto address local rather than national concerns in securing better air quality,using three different theoretical models: principal-agent, representative bureaucracy,and democratic responsiveness. I raise questions about the degree of control aunitary state can exercise over local problems and how this is reflected in localpolicy choices, especially in areas where the national government’s zone ofindifference is large, such as environmental policy. Panel data across 5 years(2007 to 2012) and from 9 geographically and socioeconomically diverse areaswithin South Korea indicates that local officials respond to local environmentalconditions by allocating more resources when needed. I discuss the implicationsfor autonomy in a local policy space.

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