당쟁과 레토릭 - 조선후기 충역시비(忠逆是非)와 노론의 수사적 전략

Abstract

The factional struggles in the late Joseon period served as a battleground for political rhetoric and language games. Particularly, the "Chungyeok Sibi," which began during the reign of Kyungjong, exerted a dominant influence on the political rhetoric until the late Joseon period. However, there has been limited scholarly attention to the operational aspects of this political rhetoric. This study specifically examines the rhetorical strategies employed in the "Chungyeok Sibi" to secure political legitimacy by considering one's own faction as loyal (Chung, 忠) and the opposing faction as disloyal (Yeok, 逆). Compared to the Soron faction, which was entangled in a series of rebellions, leading to a more defensive stance, the Noron faction attempted to integrate the Ming loyalist sentiment and Noron's scholarly lineage in its historical narratives from the late 17th century. They aggressively promoted the value of loyalty (Chung) and constructed rhetoric that presented themselves, the loyalists of Ming emperor, as the loyalists of the Joseon king. Through various biographical materials and factional writings, they actively propagated their stance. On the other hand, the Yeongjo and Jeongjo reigns also utilized Noron's loyalty to Ming emperors as a means of actively promoting their own claims to loyalty. The Ming loyalist policy of the late Joseon government, which seems quite anachronistic in some respects, cannot be understood independently of the context of "Chungyeok Sibi,"