도서지역 주민들의 전통의례에 구현된 키네토-카토그래피: 전남 완도 장좌리 당제를 중심으로

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to seek to explore the semantic system contained in it by exploring the interrelationship between body and environment, by using gestures accompanying rituals Jangjwa-ri Dangjae as a study object. In order to do so, this study defines the concept of ‘Kineto-cartography’(the combined words between Kinetography and Cartography) as the cultural geographic embodied through human bodies. Hereby, It seeks to discover the ecological relationship between the body and its environment and recording methods of such findings. This study was conducted through literature research, field trip, and participatory observation. Through a numbers of field trips, a natural Rapport was formed with the residents of Wando Jangjwa-ri. After obtaining their prior consent, participatory observation was carried out during the preparation period. Processing and evaluation of data collected in the form of field journals, photographs, gesture transcription, transcripts and video recordings were all carried out in two stages. The first step was to analyze the structure of the entire process of the ritual through video protocol analysis, Laban motion recording method, Kinetography Laban, and qualitative data analysis method. In the second stage, the constituent factors of the Jangjwa-ri Dangjae in Wando were explored according to the conceptual ‘kineto-cartography’ formed as a result of the first step of the study. As a result of the first stage of the analysis, the observation of Jangjwa-ri Dangjae areas was categorized into large, medium, and small. The major categories are ground, gesture, body, and group. The ground(Teo) was divided into village, island(Jangdo) and road. The gesture was now classified into percussion music (Punmulchigi), perform ancestral rites, and sharing food (Eumbok). The body(mom) was divided into movement and posture. The last, group activity was divided into grouping in single or in double formation, in circular shape or in freestyle. The sub-elements of middle categories were divided into each sub-class derived from 55 detailed activities that constitute the Jangjwa-ri dangae. Secondly, through Kinetography Laban’s motion analysis, the first symbolic gesture was found to be ‘drumming’(Punmulchigi), which is another form of strong human will of life. The second gesture is to express worship and was found to be in the form of ‘bowing down’, ‘burning prayer papers and blowing them into the air’. The third gesture was ‘squat down and eat’ which means to describe a good rest after a long labor of ritual and the fourth symbolic gesture was ‘moving in group’ which means to describe symbiotic life. Through this multi-layered structural analysis of Jangjwa-ri Dangjae and the interpretation of symbolic gestures, it was able to explore the very components of kineto-cartography. First, in Jangjwa-ri Dangjae, the mutual relationship between the body and the environment was due to natural environmental factors that repeated in cycle. This suggests that the symbiotic worldview of the residents of Jangjwa-ri, who organized the ritual process according to the natural cycle (low tide and high tide), is being expressed through such rituals. Second, the cultural and social factors of the interrelationship between body and environment are related to the experiences of village residents due to the historical background of Dangjae and the transmission process of percussion rhythm traditional (Pungmul gut). It was shown that during Dangjae, the everyday living spaces of the villagers were transformed into cultural spaces where aesthetic experiences were being shared. Third, the relationship between body and environment is due to the physical factors of village residents who were preparing for the ritual. During the period of Dangjae, people kept their minds and bodies clean and physically prepared themselves for the event such as selecting chief priest(Jeju), practicing exorcism (Dang gut), cleaning the sanctuary, preparing sacrifices, and installing gold strings and so forth. Through this study, it comes to realize that the space of everyday life can be transformed into an ecological space where the body and the environment are closely working together. Based on the kineto-cartography via the examples of Jangjwa-ri Dangjae residents, it was possible to examine the cultural value and artistic potential of the ecological performance of the body. It is believed that this study can be used as a methodology for follow-up studies in the fields of dance, cultural anthropology, and behavioral psychology where gestures are objectively observed and analyzed.