개화기 이후 한국(남한)에서의 문자 개혁

Abstract

In this paper writing reform which was driven since time of enlightment in Korea and 1945 in south Korea, has been reviewed. Writing reform has become since the time of enlightment when there have been a movement to use Korean characters, Hangeul instead of Chinese characters in official documents in Korea. However, it was difficult to use only Hangeul suddenly, therefore, we wrote mixing Korean and Chinese letters quite a while. Since 1945, Chinese characters abolition movement has risen up and the policy to use only Hangeul has strongly enforced twice in government too, use of Hangeul has been increased and recently we have arrived to the stage mainly using only Hangeul in our lives. While Hangeul becomes important, the work to realign Hangeul's orthography also became an urgent task. Since invention of Hangeul, we have mainly used phonemic orthography which is written in the sounding way, however an outstanding Korean linguist Ju Si-gyeong insisted morphophonemic orthography which writes words' constant form. The latter is the orthography adopted by Korea now, however there have been several disputes until it is settled. The third task of writing reform was to write Hangeul in released way. Hangeul has a few letters for consonants and vowels, however since it makes complete syllabic letter collecting these letters, the number of the syllabic letters are too many. Owing to this, there is inconvenience, so the insistence to use them not to collect but to release came out. The various measures were proposed, however this insistence was not admitted. As was shown, writing reform have been progressed with a lot of disputes for a long time on three issues, so the aspect of use of Hangeul in between enlightment period and now has been changed much.