리얼리즘의 강박, 증상으로서의 리얼리티 ― 리얼리즘의 재인식과 전망의 모색

Abstract

The study posed a question on the perspective that recognized realism in modernKorean literature as the Western realism and an ideology, and analyzed the concept of realismbased on the related early modern texts to re-identify its concept. As a result, it wasfound that the realism in modern Korean literature is inexplicable in terms of trends of thetimes or with a literary theory (socialism). It can be summarized as a reality issue that theliterature of that time should reflect the reality and saenghwal of the colonial Chosun. Modern Korean literature was formed and developed in the hybrid narrative style shapedfrom the combination of its relation to the previous literature, the effects of traditionalliterature of East Asian countries including Japan with Western literary theories and diversemedia. It was the awareness of reality in literature, that is, the reflection of facts andreality that differentiated modern from pre-modern literature in this hybrid features. Theimportant thing about the awareness of facts and reality in modern literature is that realityand actuality is also a characteristic of realism literature, which indicates that the awarenessof modern literature was formed and developed along with that of realism. In otherwords, realism in modern Korean literature was established not in terms of Westerntrends or literary theories, but in sync with the development of modern literature itself,emphasizing reality. Reality, which was formed and developed with modern literature, became concrete asan issue of ‘reflection of saenghwal’, out of its limited awareness of facts and reality in earlymodern age. In the 1920s, from the interaction between deepened awareness of reality and deepened awareness of the genre accordingly appeared the argument that saenghwal’problems should be reflected in literature, which in turn caused a controversy of‘content-form’ and was focused on as description, an issue of form. However, descriptionis more an a simple form. As it is linked to problems of saenghwal’, saenghwal’ in literaturebecomes an example of urgent reality that should be broken down and overcome. In additionto that, the ‘description of saenghwal’ builds life in the interrelation between literatureand saenghwal’, dealing with both content and form constituting a narrative.