CdZnTe semiconductor-based dual imager combining collimatorless and Compton imaging: Monte Carlo simulation
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Compton imaging excels at visualizing gamma rays in the range of several hundred kiloelectronvolts to several megaelectronvolts. However, this technique has limitations in the imaging of low-energy gamma rays. In contrast, collimatorless imaging technique determines the location of a source by analyzing the distribution of interactions. Because the collimatorless imaging technique excels at imaging low-energy gamma rays that are easily shielded by detector components, it can compensate for the shortcomings of the Compton imaging technique. In this study, we propose a dual-mode imaging technique that selects the imaging method depending on the target gamma-ray energy and fuses them during reconstruction. The collimatorless imaging method demonstrated high angular resolution at low energy levels, whereas the Compton image surpasses it starting from 200 keV within its reconstructible range. The angular resolution of the dual-mode image was between those of the two methods. The trend of the positional error of gamma ray energy was similar to that of the angular resolution, and the dual-mode method exhibited the lowest average error of 0.7◦. The dual imaging method exhibited higher efficiency, figure of merit, and signal-to-noise ratio by utilizing events from both imaging modalities. In addition, we investigated the geometrical effects of various structures
Abstract
Compton imaging excels at visualizing gamma rays in the range of several hundred kiloelectronvolts to several megaelectronvolts. However, this technique has limitations in the imaging of low-energy gamma rays. In contrast, collimatorless imaging technique determines the location of a source by analyzing the distribution of interactions. Because the collimatorless imaging technique excels at imaging low-energy gamma rays that are easily shielded by detector components, it can compensate for the shortcomings of the Compton imaging technique. In this study, we propose a dual-mode imaging technique that selects the imaging method depending on the target gamma-ray energy and fuses them during reconstruction. The collimatorless imaging method demonstrated high angular resolution at low energy levels, whereas the Compton image surpasses it starting from 200 keV within its reconstructible range. The angular resolution of the dual-mode image was between those of the two methods. The trend of the positional error of gamma ray energy was similar to that of the angular resolution, and the dual-mode method exhibited the lowest average error of 0.7◦. The dual imaging method exhibited higher efficiency, figure of merit, and signal-to-noise ratio by utilizing events from both imaging modalities. In addition, we investigated the geometrical effects of various structures
참고문헌 (28)
- "Applications 2024"[URL]
- C. G. Wahl, "The Polaris-H imaging spectrometer", Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A Accel. Spectrom. Detect. Assoc. Equip, 784, pp.377~381 (2015)
- F. Carrel, "GAMPIX: a new gamma imaging system for radiological safety and homeland security purposes", 2011 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, pp.4739~4744 (2011), IEEE
- V. Paradiso, "3-D localization of radioactive hotspots via portable gamma cameras", Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A Accel. Spectrom. Detect. Assoc. Equip, 910, pp.194~203 (2018)
- L. Caballero, "Gamma-ray imaging system for real-time measurements in nuclear waste characterisation", J. Instrum, 13(3), pp.03016~ (2018)
- J. Boo, "Passive gamma-ray detection with compact lightweight imager for nuclear safeguards", IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci, 69(6), pp.1336~1343 (2022)
- M. J. Cie´slak, "Coded-aperture imaging systems: Past, present and future development–A review", Radiat. Meas, 92, pp.59~71 (2016)
- "Current Medical Imaging", 2016, 95~105
- G. Amoyal, "Development of a hybrid gamma camera based on Timepix3 for nuclear industry applications", Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A Accel. Spectrom. Detect. Assoc. Equip, 987, pp.164838~ (2021)
- J. Hecla, "Polaris-lamp : multi-modal 3-d image reconstruction with a commercial gamma-ray imager", IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci, 68(10), pp.2539~2549 (2021)
- Q. Ye, "A high sensitivity 4π view gamma imager with a monolithic 3D position-sensitive detector", Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A Accel. Spectrom. Detect. Assoc. Equip, 937, pp.31~40 (2019)
- Y. Kim, "Development of a Compton camera based on 3D position-sensitive virtual Frisch-grid CZT detectors", Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A Accel. Spectrom. Detect. Assoc. Equip, 1053, pp.168390~ (2023)
- L. A. Shepp, "Maximum likelihood reconstruction for emission tomography", IEEE Trans. Med. Imag, 1(2), pp.113~122 (1982)
- P. P. Bruyant, "Analytic and iterative reconstruction algorithms in SPECT", J. Nucl. Med, 43(10), pp.1343~1358 (2002)
- Y. Hu, "Design and performance evaluation of a 4π-view gamma camera with mosaic-patterned 3D position-sensitive scintillators", Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A Accel. Spectrom. Detect. Assoc. Equip, 1023, pp.165971~ (2022)
- R. Wang, "High-sensitivity cardiac SPECT system design with collimator-less interspaced mosaic-patterned scintillators", Front. Med, 10, pp.1145351~ (2023)
- Y. Hu, "A wide energy Range and 4πview gamma camera with interspaced position-sensitive scintillator array and embedded heavy metal bars", Sensors, 23(2), pp.953~ (2023)
- "Polaris-H100 2024"[URL]
- D. Xu, "4-pi Compton imaging with single 3D positionsensitive CdZnTe detector", Hard X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detector Physics VI, 5540, pp.144~155 (2004), SPIE
- R. Cesareo, "Interaction of kev photons with matter and new applications", Phys. Rep, 213(3), pp.117~178 (1992)
- F. Biggs, "Hartree-Fock Compton profiles for the elements", Atomic Data Nucl. Data Tables, 16(3), pp.201~309 (1975)
- C. E. Ordonez, "Doppler broadening of energy spectra in Compton cameras", 1997 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, pp.1361~1365 (1997)
- W. Lee, "Hybrid gamma ray imaging—model and results", Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 579(1), pp.200~204 (2007)
- W. Lee, "A Dual Modality Gamma Camera Using Lanthanum Chloride (Cerium)Scintillators", Ph.D, pp.2007
- S. Agostinelli, "GEANT4—a simulation toolkit", Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 506(3), pp.250~303 (2003)
- J. Allison, "Geant4 developments and applications", IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci, 53(1), pp.270~278 (2006)
- A. Zoglauer, "Doppler broadening as a lower limit to the angular resolution of next-generation Compton telescopes", X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Telescopes and Instruments for Astronomy, 4851, pp.1302~1309 (2003), SPIE
- A. E. Bolotnikov, "CdZnTe position-sensitive drift detectors with thicknesses up to 5 cm", Appl. Phys. Lett, 108(9) (2016)
