청소년의 음주, 흡연, 마약 사용 간 관계: 관문 이론을 활용하여
Analyzing the Relationship among Adolescent Alcohol, Smoking, and Drug Use: Utilizing the Gateway Theory
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초록
본 연구는 관문 이론을 바탕으로 중독물질 사용 간 관계를 분석하는 목적을 가진다. 이를 위해 17차청소년건강행태 온라인 조사를 활용하였다. 구체적으로 마약류 물질을 경험집단과 비 경험집단 간동등성 확보를 위해 PSM을 실시하였다. 이후 동질성을 확보한 집단을 이용하여 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하여 음주와 흡연 그리고 마약류 사용 경험 간 영향 관계를 분석했다. 분석 결과 마약류 사용경험 집단은 비 경험집단보다 통계적으로 유의한 수준에서 흡연과 음주 경험이 많았다. 또한, 궐련담배 흡연 기간이 빠를수록 마약류를 사용할 가능성도 증가하였다. 이와 함께, 음주량이 증가할수록마약류 사용 가능성도 증가하였다. 즉, 본 연구 결과는 흡연과 음주 같은 부드러운 약물 사용은 마약류 같은 강한 약물 사용으로 이어진다는 관문 이론을 지지하였다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 본연구는 중독성 물질 전반에 관한 강력한 예방 교육 시행, 예방 교육 내용에 대한 개편과 새로운 교습법 개발, 그리고 청소년 마약류 사용에 관한 실태조사 및 체계 구축을 청소년 마약류 사용 예방과 억제 전략으로 제시하였다. 나아가 실천적, 정책적 차원에서의 해결 전략도 함께 모색하였다. 본 연구는 청소년 마약류 사용의 영향 요인을 이해하고 억제 방안 마련을 위한 근거자료 활용할 수 있음에의의가 있다
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the relationship between substance use based on the gateway theory. To achieve this, the 17th Youth Health Behavior Online Survey was utilized. Specifically, propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to ensure equivalence between the group that had experienced narcotic substances and the group that had not. Subsequently, logistic regression analysis was performed using the matched groups to analyze the relationships between alcohol, smoking, and narcotic substance use experiences. The analysis revealed that the group with narcotic substance use experience had significantly higher levels of smoking and alcohol consumption compared to the non-experienced group. Furthermore, a shorter duration of smoking regular cigarettes was associated with an increased likelihood of using narcotic substances. Additionally, as alcohol consumption increased, the likelihood of narcotic substance use also increased. In essence, this study supports the gateway theory, suggesting that softer substance use, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, leads to the use of harder substances like narcotics. Based on these research findings, this study recommends the implementation of robust prevention education on addictive substances, a revision of prevention education content, the development of new teaching methods, and the establishment of a comprehensive system for investigating and curbing adolescent narcotic substance use. Furthermore, practical and policy-oriented strategies for addressing this issue are explored. This research contributes to understanding the factors influencing adolescent narcotic substance use and provides valuable evidence for developing suppression strategies.
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