鄭敾의 身分과 仕宦 履歷 -사대부 출신 및 도화서 화원 진출 여부-

Abstract

This paper examined two issues : whether Cheong Seon(鄭敾) was from Sadaebu (a man of high birth in Chosun Dynasty, 士大夫) and whether he served as Dohwaseo Hwawons(a court painter in the Royal Court, 圖畵署 畵員) because these two issue have yet to be concluded in the study of Cheong Seon. The status of Cheong Seon was not Jungin(a man between nobility and commoner in Chosun Dynasty, 中人). Members of Cheong Seon's lineage were not engaged in the technical-official posts which were Jungin's occupations and they were not married to members of Jungin family. The status of Cheong seon was not Yangban Seolu(an offspring of a nobleman's concubine, 兩班庶流). Men and women of Cheong Seon's lineage were confirmed to be Yangban Geogson(children born to legal wives of noblemen, 兩班嫡孫) through genealogy records. It turns out to be true that Sungji(Secretary of King, 承旨) Yun Geong-young(尹敬龍) said to Youngjo(英祖) that “Cheong Seon's status is Sadaebu,” The term Sadaebu was used to designate Yangban Geogson. The new historical records cited in this paper confirmed that the status of Cheong Seon was Yangban Geogson, or Sadaebu. It became also clear that Cheong Seon did not serve as Dohwaseo Hwawons(圖畵署 畵員) because it was mostly Jungin's occupation specially during the Sugjong(肅宗)'s reign. Jungin nearly monopolized the technical-official posts(技術職) and Dohwaseo Hwawon was recognized as the technical-official posts such as YeogGuan(譯官) during the Sugjong's reign. Any example that Sadaebu advanced Dohwaseo Hwawon during the Sugjong's reign was not discovered. It was proved that Jungin monopolized Cheonmunhaggyeomgyosu(天文學兼敎授) since Youngjo(英祖) 29Years, but Sadaebu often entered the post before the year. That is why Cheong Seon, as a Sadaebu, got the post in his career, and why he was misunderstand that he served Dohwaseo Hwawon because both jobs were occupations of Jungin and he was a well-known painter at that time. Some people think that Sadaebu Cheong Seon would make more great artistic works than Jungin or Dohwaseo Hwawon Cheong Seon. However, there was no correlation between his status and his artistic achievements. I think that the greatness of Cheong Seon, as a painter and as a human being, was in his life. Most of all, he was a man of learning in many field with wide and deep knowledges which were reflected in his pictures. Secondly, he overcome economic hardship through hardworking and honesty. Thirdly, though he was criticized that he had deep affection on mean works such as paintings, he never stopped painting until he died.