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운동과 면역에 대한 고찰: 기회감염과 열린 창 가설

A Review on Exercise and Immunity: Opportunistic Infection and the Open Window Hypothesis

김지석|원종화|백경완|권선옥
학교체육연구소 (Physical Education Lab of Chung-Ang University)|2022.11|Asian Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science|제10권 제6호|pp. 37-48

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참고문헌

키워드

운동exercise면역기회감염항원열린 창 가설immuneopportunistic infectionantigenopen window hypothesis
주제분류체육

초록

최근의 다양한 연구들에서 고강도 운동으로 인한 면역억제 현상, 즉, 기회감염의 증가가 일어나지 않는다는 사실이 밝혀지고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 고강도의 운동이 면역을 일시적으로 저하시킨다는 “열린 창 가설” 이 통념적으로 받아들여지고 있다. 본 고찰에서는 이러한 통념이 형성되는데 기여한 연구들을 고찰하고 그 에 대하여 심층적으로 논의하고자 하였다. 또한 최근에 이루어진 연구들을 바탕으로 이러한 통념과 실제 임 상과는 상당한 괴리가 있다는 것을 이야기 하고자 하였다. 결론적으로 운동으로 인한 일시적인 면역학적인 변화가 임상적으로 면역력의 저하를 의미하지 않으며, 오히려 면역의 감시체계를 강화하기 위한 현상이다. 따라서 운동으로 인한 면역억제는 걱정할 필요가 없으며, 운동의 다양한 건강상의 이점에 주목하여 규칙적 인 운동을 하는 것을 적극적으로 권장한다.

Abstract

Recent studies have revealed that the immunosuppression phenomenon (increase in opportunistic infections) does not occur due to high-intensity exercise. Nevertheless, the “open window hypothesis” that high-intensity exercise temporarily lowers immunity is commonly accepted. In this review, the studies that contributed to the formation of these myths were reviewed, and an in-depth discussion was attempted. In addition, based on recent studies it has been shown that there is a significant gap between these myths and reality. In conclusion, temporary immunological changes due to exercise do not clinically mean a decrease in immunity but rather a phenomenon to strengthen the immune surveillance system. Therefore, there is no need to worry about the immunosuppression caused by exercise, and it is highly recommended to exercise regularly, paying attention to the various health benefits of exercise.

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