과립형각막이상증에서 굴절교정각막레이저절제술과 백내장 수술 병합 시행 후 임상 결과
Clinical Outcomes of Combined Photorefractive Keratectomy and Cataract Surgery in Patients with Granular Corneal Dystrophy
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목적: 백내장이 합병된 과립형각막이상증 환자 중 각막침착물 사이의 간질이 혼탁하여 백내장 수술만으로는 시력 교정이 어려운 환자에서, 굴절교정각막레이저절제술을 병합 시행한 12예의 임상 효과를 보고하고자 한다. 대상과 방법: 과립형각막이상증과 백내장을 진단 받은 환자 중 간질 혼탁이 심해 백내장 수술만으로 교정이 어려운 환자에서 굴절교정각막레이저절제술을 시행하고 전후로 백내장 수술을 병합한 7명 12안의 의무기록을 후향 분석하였다. VISX S4 IR (VISX, Santa Clara, CA, USA)을 이용하여, 전간질을 제거하였다. 레이저 후에 백내장 수술을 시행한 경우는 보정 각막곡률값(keratometry, K)과 double K SRK/T 또는 double K Hoffer Q 공식을 이용하여 인공수정체 도수를 결정 삽입하였다. 최종 시력 증가, 구면대응치값, 각막지형도상 중심부 융기 유무, 혼탁의 재발을 분석하였다. 사용한 보정각막굴절력값과 수정체공식의 예측오차 및 절대오차를 분석하였다. 결과: 평균 36.6개월의 추적 관찰 동안 3안에서 시력에 영향을 미치지 않는 각막간질혼탁이 재발하였다. 술 후 평균 최대 교정시력은logMAR 0.18로 술전 교정시력에 비해 평균 4.63줄의 호전이 있었고, 시력 감소는 없었다. 최종 구면대응치는 -0.56디옵터(D)였다. Maloney method로 구한 각막굴절력값을 대입한 double K SRK/T 공식을 사용한 경우 0.33 ± 0.25D로 가장 적은 절대오차를 보였다. 결론: 백내장이 동반된 과립형각막이상증 환자에서 각막간질 혼탁이 심한 경우, 치료적 목적의 엑시머레이저 굴절교정각막레이저절제술 병합 시행은 도움이 될 수 있음을 시사하였다.
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of combined photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and cataract surgery in granular corneal dystrophy (GCD) patients with corneal stromal haziness compromising vision and cataract and clinically significant lens opacity. Methods: Medical records of 12 eyes that underwent PRK and cataract surgery between August 2009 and November 2013 in patients with GCD and cataracts were retrospectively evaluated. All PRKs were performed with the VISX S4 IR (VISX, Santa Clara, CA, USA). The double K SRK-T formula or double K Hoffer Q formula and postoperative corrected K were utilized to determine the intraocular lens power in patients with prior PRK. Postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spherical equivalent, presence of the central island using topography analysis and recurrence of corneal opacity after combined PRK and cataract surgery were evaluated. Results: In all eyes, the PRK was successful and 3 eyes showed recurrence of corneal opacities without visual impairment during a mean follow-up of 36.6 months. The mean BCVA improved with an average increase of 4.63 lines (minimum 1 line, maximum 9 lines) and no patient showed any BCVA loss. Final spherical equivalent was -0.56 diopter (D) and the corneal central island was reported in only 1 eye. The Maloney method using the double-K formula with the SRK/T formula showed the lowest absolute error of 0.33 ± 0.25 D. Conclusions: Combined PRK and cataract surgery are effective methods for improving BCVA if patients with GCD have both visually significant diffuse corneal haze and clinically significant lens opacity.
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