왜 돈 키호테는 사랑을 거부하는가?: 세르반테스의 분신으로서 알론소 키하노의 섹슈얼리티
Why Does Don Quixote Reject Love? Alonso Quijano’s Sexuality as a Reflection of Cervantes
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이 글은 세르반테스의 전기와 관련하여 오랫동안 제기되어 온 여러 의문들을 살펴보고, 이를 바탕으로 사랑과 관련된 돈 키호테의 행동을 이해해 보고자 했다. 2000년대 이후 세르반테스의 전기에 대한 보다 실증적인 연구가 이루어지면서 이전에는 알려지지 않았던 새로운 사실들이 밝혀졌다. 이 연구들은 세르반테스가 알제에서 포로로 지내던 동안 동성애적 관계를 맺었을 가능성을 높이는 자료를 제시했고, 또한 스페인 귀국 후의 이성애 관계에서 딸을 두고 안정적인 결혼 생활을 했다는 기존의 통념에도 의문을 제기하였다. 만일 세르반테스의 성적 취향이 전통적 의미의 이성애 규범과 다르다면, 그가 창조한 인물인 돈 키호테의 독특한 사랑의 행동 양식도 보다 자연스럽게 이해될 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
This article examines several long-standing questions related to Cervantes’s biography and, on that basis, seeks to better understand Don Quixote’s actions concerning love. Since the 2000s, more empirical research on Cervantes’s life has revealed new facts previously unknown. These studies provide evidence that raises the possibility that Cervantes may have engaged in homosexual relationships during his captivity in Algiers, and they also call into question the traditional belief that, after returning to Spain, he led a stable married life with a daughter born of a heterosexual relationship. Accordingly, this study explores why Alonso Quijano, in his fifties, remains unmarried and lives only with his niece and housekeeper, finding an explanation not in the notion of a “normal” married life but rather in the resemblance to Cervantes’s own circumstances–having spent most of his later years surrounded by sisters, nieces, and other female relatives. It also challenges the claim that he became a knight-errant out of desire for Aldonza Lorenzo, arguing instead that Dulcinea serves merely as a pretext to sustain Don Quixote’s illusion. Furthermore, the article proposes that Don Quixote’s rejection of the affections of various women he encounters during his journeys is likely not due to his devotion to Dulcinea but rather to his physical condition-possibly, sexual impotence. This study cautiously attempts to relate biographical aspects of Cervantes’s life to the interpretation of his work.