4, 5세 유아들이 사용하는 유머 내용과 의도의 변화 과정 탐색
Seeking for a changing process of humor contents and intention spoken by 4, 5 years old children
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구의 목적은 유치원의 자연스러운 상황에서 만 4세 후기에서 만 5세 중기동안의 유아들이 어떤 내용의 유머를 사용하며, 그 내용은 어떻게 변화하는지, 그리고 유아들이 유머를 사용하는 의도는 어떻게 변화하는지에 대해 심층적으로 탐색함으로써 유아들의 유머에 대한 구체적이고 의미 있는 이해를 돕고자 하는데 있다. 연구 참여 유아는 경기도 오산시에 위치한 S초등학교병설유치원에 재원중인 남아 3명이었으며, 연구는 11개월 동안 이루어졌다. 연구 결과 본 연구에 참여한 만 4세 후기에서 만 5세 중기 동안의 유아들이 사용하는 유머의 내용은 크게 금기에 대한 도전: 지저분한 것들이 선사하는 통쾌한 즐거움, 과정: 즐거운 향연, 부조화: 신선한 딜레마, TV 모방하기: 바보상자와의 조우, 언어유희로의 걸음마 떼기 등 다섯 가지 범주로 특징지어졌다. 연령이 증가함에 따라 유머의 양과 질은 발달하였고, 보다 적극적으로 유머를 사용하였다. 본 연구에 참여한 유아들이 유머를 사용하는 의도는 크게 다섯 번의 변화를 거쳐 나타났다. 연구 초기인 만 4세 후기 유아들의 단순 놀이로서의 유머 사용 의도를 시작으로 단순 놀이에서 교사의 유머 따라 하기로, 교사의 유머 따라 하기에서 친구에게 기쁨 주기로, 친구에게 기쁨주기에서 우리의 결속 다지기로, 우리의 결속 다지기에서 인기아 되기의 의도로 유머를 사용하고 있음을 살펴볼 수 있었다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to make a firm and significant intention of children’s humor understood by looking deeply for what contents of humors those children of aged from the late four-year-old to five-year-old use, how they change, and how the intention of children’s humor telling change in a natural circumstance of a kindergarten. For the purpose, the research questions were as follows: 1. What are the contents of 4-5 years old children’s humor and how have they been changed? 2. How were the intents of 4-5 years old children’s humors changed? The results of this study were as follows: First, the contents of the children’s using humors were characterized generally into five category such as challenging to prohibitions, gaining great pleasure from dirty things, exaggeration, joyful entertainments, incongruity, fresh dilemma, mimicking TV, meeting with boob tube, toddling toward language play. As time passes, the quality and quantity of their humors were improved and used their humors more aggressively. Each content category were seen to be changed through three phases such as, the seeds of humors planted in children were germinated, and sprouted through the humor supporting environment and teacher’s humors modeling, and then lastly, the flower of children’s humors come into full bloom, that is, humor seeds are germinated, humors sprout are came out, humors flowers come into full bloom in every day lives of children. Second, the change of humor using intention of the surveyed children went through five stages generally. Late four-year-old children’s humor using intention appeared starting with simple play which is the beginning stage of this research, following their teacher’s humors, making their friends happy, strengthening ‘our’ solidarity, becoming stars.
참고문헌 (47)
- 김진배, "웃기는 리더가 성공한다" (1999), 뜨인 돌
- 김진영, "유아들의 유머와 친구 관계에 대한 질적 연구", 유아교육연구, 24(6), pp.113~133 (2004), 한국유아교육학회
- 박지애, "어머니와 교사의 교육관 및 유아에 대한 상호작용에 따른 유아의 유머 이해도 및 반응·감지도", 박사, 유아교육학, pp.2005
- 양승희, "정서 지능 수준에 따른 유머 활동 경험이 유아의 창의성과 유머 이해 및 표현에 미치는 영향", 박사, 유아교육학, pp.2003
- 이상금, "그림책을 보고 크는 아이들" (1998), 사계절
- 이용숙, "교육에서의 질적 연구" (1998), 교육과학사
- 임어당, "생활의 발견" (1985), 범우사
- 정수경, "세-7세 아동의 유우머에 관한 연구.", 석사, pp.1986
- Baillie, R., "Factors influencing the sense of humor", Journal of Social Psychology, 10, pp.95~104 (1972)
- Bainum, C. K., "The development of laughing and smiling in nursery school children", Child Development, 55, pp.1946~1957 (1984)
- Barron, M. L., "A content analysis of intergroup humor", American Sociological Review, 15, pp.88~94 (1950)
- Brown, G. E., "The effects of a laughing vs. a non laughing model on humor responses in preschool children", Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 29, pp.334~339 (1980)
- Chapman, A. J., "Handbook of Humor Research Vol. 1", pp.135~157 (1983), Spinger-Verlag
- Chenfeld, M. B., ""My loose is tooth!": Kidding around with the kids", Young Children, pp.56~60 (1990)
- Fabrizi, M. S., "A naturalistic study of humorous activity in a third, seventh, and eleventh grade classroom", Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 33(1), pp.107~128 (1987)
- Foot, H., "A handbook of communication skills", pp.12~67 (1986), Croom Helm
- Forabosco, G., "Cognitive aspects of the humor process: the concept of incongruity", Humor, 5, pp.45~68 (1992)
- Franzini, L. R., "리더로 키우려면 웃음을 가르쳐라" (2003), 지식과 경영
- Geller, L. G., "Reddling: A playful way to explore language", Language Arts, 58, pp.669~674 (1981)
- Glesen, C., "Becoming qualitative researchers" (1992), Longman
- Goldstein, J. H., "The psychology of humor: Theoretical perspectives and empirical issues" (1972), Academic press
- Honig, A. S., "Humor development in children", Young Children, pp.60~73 (1988)
- Ilg, F. L., "The Gesell institute party book" (1959), Harper
- Jalongo, M. R., "Children's literature: There's some sense to its humor", Childhood Education, 62, pp.109~114 (1985)
- Koestler, A., "The act of creation" (1964), MacMillian
- Kuchner, J. F., "The humor of young children", Paper presented at the meeting of the National Association for the Education of Young Children (1991)
- Marshall, C., "Designing qualitative research" (1989), Sage
- Martineau, , W., "The psychology of humor", pp.101~125 (1972), Academic Press
- Mccutcheon, G., "On the interpretation of classroom observations", Educational Researcher, pp.5~54 (1981)
- McGhee, P. E., "The role of operational thinking in children's comprehension and appreciation of humor", Child Development, 42, pp.123~138 (1971)
- McGhee, P. E, "Development of the humor response : A review of the literature", Psychological Bulletin, 76(5), pp.328~348 (1971)
- McGhee, P. E., "Cognitive mastery and children's humor", Psychological Bulletin, 81, pp.721~730 (1974)
- McGhee, P. E., "Humor: It's origin and development" (1979), W. H. Freem
- McGhee, P. E., "Children's humor" (1980), John Wiley & Sons
- Miles, M. B., "Qualitative Data Analysis, 16" (1984), Sage
- Neuliep, J. W., "An examination of the content of high school teacher's humor in the classroom and the development of an inductively derived taxonomy of classroom humor", Communication Education, 40(4), pp.343~355 (1991)
- Packer, M. J., "Entering the circle: Hermeneutic investigation in psychology" (1989), State University of New York Press
- Pepicello, W. J., "Handbook of humor research: Basic issues", pp.59~83 (1983), Spinger-Verlag
- Shaeffer, M. B., "Miss, Nelson, Knock-Knock, and nonsense : Connecting through humor", Childhood Education, 65, pp.88~93 (1988)
- Shultz, T. R., "Humor and laughter: Theory, research and applications", pp.11~36 (1976), Wiley
- Preschool children and humor, "Sobstad, F.", Skriftserie fra Pedagogisk institutt, Universitetet I Trondheim, ~, pp.Rapport nr. 1 (1990)
- Tamashiro, R. T., "Children's humor : A developmental view", The Elementary School Journal, 80, pp.68~75 (1979)
- Thorson, J. A., "Development and validation of a multidimensional sense of humor scale", Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49(1), pp.13~24 (1993)
- Wanzer, M., "The relationship between student perceptions of instructor humor and students' reports of learning", Communication Education, 48(1), pp.48~62 (1999)
- Wolfenstein, "Children's humor: A Psychological analysis" (1978), Indiana University Press
- Wolfenstein, M., "Children's humor", pp.111~ (1954), Free Press
- Ziv, A., "Personality and sense of humor" (1984), Springer