호모 파베르의 지구소외와 세계소외- 한나 아렌트의 『인간의 조건』을 중심으로 -

Abstract

The main thesis of this paper is Homo Faber's consideration of ‘earth alienation’ and ‘world alienation’. Arendt considers the human conditions of labor, work, and action as a condition for ‘Vita Activa’, Among them, it focuses on the discussion of ‘Homo Faber’, which works through production. In order to escape their life as the ‘Animal laborans’ forced by the overwhelming natural force and subordinate to necessity, they create the artificial world in a way that violence nature and materialize it. The artificial world created for a continuous and stable life during the natural cycle can be cast in large quantities through models and even destroyed when desired. Arendt then began to think about Homo Faber's modern alienation in earnest through the ‘Galileo Telescope’ and ‘Cartesian Doubt’ after the modern age. Through the algebraization of physics, they move the ‘Archimedean point’ to their minds and think that they can handle the Earth as they please while standing in one place in the universe. As a result, the tradition of ‘Vita Contemplativa’ was cut off, and ‘work’ rose to the center of ‘Vita Activa’, but in reality, it faces a phenomenon of being alienated from the place of life. The violent approach to politics, the loss of boundaries between labor and work due to division of labor, ‘how’ rather than ‘what’ and from ‘the object itself’ to the ‘production process of the object’ puts more emphasis on ‘exchange value’ than on ‘value in use’. Tied by the relativization of values, Homo Faber's world reaches its limit and faces 'world alienation' due to the inability to act. Margaret Canovan comments that it is the scientist's ‘world alienation’ to counter the ‘world alienation’ of workers. It should be remembered that human conditions for Vita Activa can be realized through a ‘pluralistic human network’ that reveals each other's personality through communication of speech and action.