Zoning Techniques and Legal Challenges in the Low-Income Housing Development of the U.S.A.
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미국 저소득층 주택공급을 위한 조닝기법과 법적쟁점우리나라와 마찬가지로 미국에서도 주택가격의 급등으로 인하여 저소득층에 있어서 주택구입은 더욱더 어려워지고 있으며 심각한 사회적인 문제로 받아들여지고 있다 . 더욱이 중앙정부로부터의 지원감소, 물가상승, 지자체의 토지이용의 규제강화 그리고 재정 감축 등은 더욱더 저소득층으로 하여금 주택구입을 어렵게 만들고 있다 . 이러한 문제는 시장경제하의 미국에서도 저소득층을 위한 주택공급방안을 시장이외의 다양한 측면에서 강구하게 만들고 있는 실정이다. 이에 한 방안으로 몇몇 대도시권의 자치단체에
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to find out the efforts focusing on the various zoning techniques for the low-income housing development of the U.S.A. For this purpose this paper reviews and examines the zoning devices for the low income housing construction that the jurisdictions of the United States have taken. Inclusionary zoning is one of the solutions to the low-income housing shortage that has been instituted in the many jurisdictions in the United States. There are two types of the inclusionary zoning, mandatory and voluntary approaches. Under the voluntary approach, existing zoning devices such as special permit, floating zones, and planned unit development(PUD) are well operated to encourage the construction of low and moderate income housing. However, in spite of becoming an effective tool for low-income housing development mandatory type of zoning faces the challenges of taking issues of the Constitution. The due process and equal protection clauses of the Constitution also might provide the challenge by a developer. Finally, this study suggests the design guidelines in order to provide legal basis that the private housing developer encourage the low income housing development within the constitutional bounds.
참고문헌 (16)
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