Selznick 제도주의 관점에서의 조직간 제도운영의 다형성: 지방자치단체 민원행정을 대상으로
Selznick’s Institutionalism, Localized Environment and Institutional Polymorphism
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초록
본 연구는 지역화된 환경과의 상호관계 속에서 조직들이 상이한 성격들을 어떻게 형성하는가에 대한 설명기제를 제공한 Selznick의 조직성격형성이론을 활용하여 지방자치단체들이 민원관련 제도들을 왜 서로 다른 방식으로 운영하고 있는가라는 연구 문제에 대한 답을 제공하고자 하였다. 제도 환경인 「민원사무처리에 관한 법률」의 규정과 중앙정부의 지침의 일률적 적용 압력에 대한 대응으로서 지방자치단체들이 그러한 제도들을 도입하여 운영함에 따라 조직 장 수준에서 외견상 동형화가 나타난 것처럼 보이나, 분석결과는 지방자치단체 유형별로 민원의 상이한 수요들에 의해 그러한 제도들의 실제 운영에 있어서 차이가 있다는 것을 발견하였다. 이것은 지방자치단체들이 민원행정 관련제도들을 자신들의 ‘지역화된 환경’의 요구에 맞게 재설계하여 운영함으로써 개별조직 수준에서 제도운영의 다형화가 나타나게 되었다는 것을 의미한다. 이것은 또한 지방자치제가 성숙됨에 따라 지역 사회와의 상호작용을 통해 조직의 임무, 직면한 문제, 지역사회의 주요 이슈, 문제의 해결 등에 대한 이해와 공유가 이루어지면서 민원관련 제도를 지역의 실정을 반영하여 적절히 설계하고 운영함으로써 자신들의 독특한 정체성을 표출하는 맞춤형으로 진화하고 있다고 볼 수 있다.
Abstract
This Study primarily aims at presenting an answer about why local governments operate public service-related institutions in different ways. The study makes use of Selznick’s organizational character formation theory that provides an explanatory mechanism on how organizations shape and construct distinguishing characters in relationships with localized environments. The results strongly show that there are some differences in operating the institutions among local governments categorized into three groups by types, caused by different needs in accordance with where they are located, although isomorphism in the level of organizational field seemingly appears in responding to rules and guidelines imposed by the central government. This means that institutional polymorphism is most likely to show up in the level of individual organizations, because the local governments tend to operate the institutions by redesigning them, according to the tailored needs of their localized environments. This also implies that as the local governments have been getting matured, they have evolved in the customized forms of articulating their unique identities in operating the institutions.
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