예술고등학교 궁중춤 교육 방안－‘춘앵전’을 중심으로－

Abstract

Major subjects for Korean dance in art schools put more emphasis on movements for Korean creative dance than traditional one. Particularly among fields of traditional dance, education on royal dance is concentrated only in folk dance and it is rarely designated as a subject on regular curriculum. The royal dance is a synthetic art with form of music, singing and dancing(樂歌舞) and it should be the key in educational contents as a major part of the traditional dance to foster students majoring in Korean dance, considering its rich history and cultural contents including history, literature, music and costumes, etc. In addition, to instruct a wide range of contents in traditional dance, its teaching method should go forward to making students develop their eyes to creatively accept dancing movements of the past and this is the direction of traditional dance education required in our time. The recent current in cultural art moves to an era in which anyone can go into the world of art which used to be considered a field only of experts and be an artist, for example, one has a direct experience of art and makes a work of art oneself if they want even in the field of traditional dance. Therefore, if art education’s teaching and learning methods are settled in an old-fashioned way, that field of art education cannot foster creative artists to lead a new era any more. Moving with the times of this rapid change, art school education that nurtures the professional talent in the world of traditional dance should be developed on the basis of creative educational philosophy and practice of high quality. To instruct a wide range of contents in traditional dance, therefore, the changeover in teaching method is required to simultaneously foster eyes and spirits for dance by sublating its teaching method which has been practice-oriented education that has simply instructed techniques and skills and by executing humanistic education of theories directly involved with practice together. For this, the integrated model among R. Fogaty’s ten types is applied as a proper teaching method for integrated teaching plan and this study suggests a teaching method which includes functional aspects and, at the same time, synthetically integrates all elements including history, thought, music and literary factors which form the dance with Chunaengjeon being its research target. The result is as follows. First, the significance of Chunaengjeon in dance history is found through examining its historical background. In other words, Chunaengjeon has the thought of filial piety upon its birth and it also has historical meaning with high artistry for being written during the King Sunjo of Joseon Dynasty which is called the golden age of royal dance, through which overall development stage of royal dance can be understood. Second, this study enables to understand meanings of spring, long life and happiness, pleasure, national prosperity, reign of peace and auspiciousness which Chunaengjeon connotes in titles of its music, to grasp characteristics of royal music through learning Sangryeongsan, Jungryeongsan, Seryeongsan, (rapid) Dodry and taryeong rhythm and to dance with knowledge that three-phase step is the root that creates profound atmosphere with moderation which is consistent in royal dance. Third, a poem is newly created and expressed based on the singing during royal dance (唱詞) which enables understanding on contents of the dance through singing and it can be utilized as a material for a new work. Fourth, expressions can be made more delicate and varied with understanding on terms in dancing movements through interpreting the dance score of Chunaengjeon and with learning the dancing movements together. Fifth, the relation between the dance and costumes is learned through understanding that costumes of Chunaengjeon which remind a nightingale singing on a spring day give shape to dance images. In addition, groups can create and present a new version of Chunaengjeon based on understanding in the meaning of infinite freedom of a hwamunseok, the limited space, and principles of space composition with symmetric beauty in every direction. Hopefully, education on royal dance will be extensively implemented based on teaching methods suggested in this study and in-depth teaching method will also be presented for royal dance education which is mostly about the form of group dance.