A Study on the Determinants of Parents’ School Choice for Their Children in Rural India
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This study investigates factors influencing on parents’ choice on the types of primary school for their children in rural India, especially taking into account the relationship between primary school choice and village fragmentation by social group and religion. Controlling the demand and the supply side factors of education, it is found that the educational level of household head and spouse, affordability of education cost given household income level, concern over neighbours’ profession are positively associated with parents’ decision sending children to private school. We also observe that the more religiously heterogeneous a village is, it is the more for parents to choose non-profit schools including low-fee-paying religious schools over public and private schools. In contrast, village fragmentation by social group is negatively associated with relative probability of private over public schools, which may imply that parents tend to devalue high-fee-paying private schools if their children are likely to associate with children from different social group backgrounds. Finally, both the ratios of unqualified teachers in schools and teacher-pupil ratio are negatively associated with the probability of the choice of private schools. A recent trend in primary education in India is increasing enrolment in private schools, pursuing better learning environment. The finding of association between village fragmentation and parental school choice suggests that the government needs to improve the learning condition in public schools in order to prevent social stratification by school choice.
Abstract
This study investigates factors influencing on parents’ choice on the types of primary school for their children in rural India, especially taking into account the relationship between primary school choice and village fragmentation by social group and religion. Controlling the demand and the supply side factors of education, it is found that the educational level of household head and spouse, affordability of education cost given household income level, concern over neighbours’ profession are positively associated with parents’ decision sending children to private school. We also observe that the more religiously heterogeneous a village is, it is the more for parents to choose non-profit schools including low-fee-paying religious schools over public and private schools. In contrast, village fragmentation by social group is negatively associated with relative probability of private over public schools, which may imply that parents tend to devalue high-fee-paying private schools if their children are likely to associate with children from different social group backgrounds. Finally, both the ratios of unqualified teachers in schools and teacher-pupil ratio are negatively associated with the probability of the choice of private schools. A recent trend in primary education in India is increasing enrolment in private schools, pursuing better learning environment. The finding of association between village fragmentation and parental school choice suggests that the government needs to improve the learning condition in public schools in order to prevent social stratification by school choice.
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