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Poverty and Inequality among Social Groups in Rural India

강우진
서울대학교행정대학원 (gspa(graduate school of public administration seoul national university))|2015.08|Journal of Policy Studies|제30권 제2호|pp. 119-145

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참고문헌

키워드

povertyinequalitydecompositionaffirmative action
주제분류정책학

초록

This study examines economic disparity among social groups in ruralIndia. While the pace of poverty reduction for disadvantaged groups, who benfitedfrom both economic growth and redistribution, surpassed that of other castehouseholds during the period from 1999-2006, they remain the most poor amongthe rural poor. This study’s decomposition analysis confirms that they are notonly less wealthy than other castes but also have lower returns on their assetsdue to discrimination or lower productivity. In addition, the contribution of thelatter has become larger over time, implying that programs established by thegovernment and development agencies to reduce economic disparity betweentwo groups may be less effective. For example, an antipoverty program is vital,and the government also needs to strengthen the effectiveness of the currentaffirmative action programs. There are also lessons from South Korea’s pastexperience to be shared for the improvement of productivity.

Abstract

This study examines economic disparity among social groups in ruralIndia. While the pace of poverty reduction for disadvantaged groups, who benfitedfrom both economic growth and redistribution, surpassed that of other castehouseholds during the period from 1999-2006, they remain the most poor amongthe rural poor. This study’s decomposition analysis confirms that they are notonly less wealthy than other castes but also have lower returns on their assetsdue to discrimination or lower productivity. In addition, the contribution of thelatter has become larger over time, implying that programs established by thegovernment and development agencies to reduce economic disparity betweentwo groups may be less effective. For example, an antipoverty program is vital,and the government also needs to strengthen the effectiveness of the currentaffirmative action programs. There are also lessons from South Korea’s pastexperience to be shared for the improvement of productivity.

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