무용콩쿠르경험에 대한 해석학적 현상학 연구 －한국무용전공 입시생을 중심으로－

Abstract

The current study aims to investigate in depth psychological factors experienced by college prep students majoring in Korean dance in dance concours. For this, we employed the researcher’s participatory observations, in-depth interviews, research participants’ personal statement and experiential statement, the researcher’s reflective notes, the research participants’ dance concours-related visual data(photos, videos) etc. The present study discussed dance concours experience dividing it into 1. preparatory process, 2. competition process, and 3. after participation, and the results are as follows:It was found that in 1. preparatory process for dancing concours, participation motives were to enhance abilities through experiencing dance concours, and to achieve results of getting qualifications for applying for irregular selection by college and incentives etc. Negative psychological factors experienced in the process of preparing for concours included conflicts with lesson teachers, a decrease in dance achievements, pressure and increased tension associated with being college prep students and a decrease in self-confidence, stress due to excessive training, and psychological burdens related to prize winning results and so forth. Besides, the effect of psychological factors the day before concours were not observed very much and it is conceivable that the reason for this is that most research participants were using their own psychological and physiological methods to adjust their physical condition. Coping methods included talking to friends, image training, adjusting sleeping hours, readiness of mind through checking costumes and adjusting diet etc. The negative psychological factors which took place on the day of competition in 2. dance concours competition process included a state of high tension and anxiety resulted from pressure of the prize winning results etc. For methods of coping with these negative psychological factors, the research participants responded that it was more helpful to reduce tension and anxiety to practice dancing focusing on their own work rather than being conscious of other competitors. And they said self-hypnosis, namely an autosuggestion of positive keyword did work as well. In addition, the lesson teachers’ and friends’ support and encouragement also served as ways to overcome the above negative psychological factors. Besides, waiting time of waiting their order also had a effect. Namely, the longer they waited, the more their tension was, and if the waiting time was short, their tension decreased. Next, for their mental state when a competition got started, they experienced stress due to costumes such as long skirts and cumbersome Korean full-dress attire(dopo) which they should wear according to the nature of Korean dance, and they experienced fear of making mistakes, being conscious of judging panels and prizes, and will to do their best etc. After 3. participating in dance concours, students experienced a variety of psychological factors depending on the prize winning results:In particular if they did not win a prize, the psychological factors were caused including slump, depression, irritation, a sense of guilt against their parents and teachers’ expectations etc. Method coping with them included advice from their lesson teachers, enhancing self-confidence accepting negative results positively, making friends, meditation, voluntary practice and so forth. Besides, they experienced that the prize winning results of concours affected results of the next concours they participated later. They experienced worse results than before in concours which they participated in after winning prizes in concours, but on the contrary to this, they have got better prize winning results in concours they participated in after not winning a prize. It is analyzed that the former is because they experienced less tension phenomena due to arrogance, and laziness arising from a lack of stress and so forth, and that the latter is because they practiced dancing voluntarily maintaining an appropriate tension state. Namely, the state of tension is a main reason. Accordingly, it is necessary to recognize this physical condition they come to experience depending on the prize winning results of concours, and complementary efforts are required between teachers and students so that a proper tension state can be maintained. Like this, the current study examined the psychological factors experienced by the college prep students intending to major in dance, which might occur from the preparatory process of dance concours to the competition process, and depending on the prize winning results after participation, and effective methods coping with them. It is conceivable that it will be able to make a basic study having a significant effect on making practical and effective preparations for participating for dance concours for students majoring in dance who will experience the entrance exam in the future and teachers who teach them. In addition, it is considered that coping methods proposed in the present study will be of help for them to overcome a variety of psychological factors they come to experience participating in dance concours. Further, we expect that based on research findings of this study, empirical follow-up studies will be conducted to demonstrate the effect developing and implementing programs depending on each situation from the process of preparing for dance concurs, the competition process, to the process of accepting and developing the results after participation.